RT - Journal Article T1 - Effect of Change from the Conventional (Flooding) to Subsurface Irrigation System on Mature Pistachio Trees in Kerman JF - JCPP YR - 2008 JO - JCPP VO - 12 IS - 43 UR - http://jcpp.iut.ac.ir/article-1-819-en.html SP - 29 EP - 45 K1 - Subsurface irrigation K1 - Pistachio K1 - Change irrigating System K1 - Salinity K1 - Water use efficiency AB -   Effect of change from the conventional (flooding) to subsurface irrigation system was studied on mature pistachio trees (Cultivar Ohadi) in Kerman pistachio research station for four years. This experiment was carried out in a randomized complete block design including 7 treatments and 3 replications. The experiment also used two irrigation intervals (7&14 days) and three water rates according to pan coefficient (20%, 40%& 60% evaporation from surface of class A pan) for subsurface irrigation system with 6 treatments the conventional (flooding) irrigation system was tested as control. The pipes of subsurface irrigation system were installed at 90cm distance from trees trunk at each side of trees, and 50cm from soil surface. Mean of pressure and discharge in the pipes was 0.8 to 1 atmosphere and 5.4 Lh-1m-1, respectively. Different factors of quantity and quality pistachio yield, current vegetative growth, water use efficiency and soil electrical conductivity were measured. The results showed that change of conventional (flooding) to subsurface irrigation system is possible and the best treatment can have water rate of 7174 m3ha-1y-1 with 14 days irrigation interval. In comparison with other treatments, this treatment has better quantity and quality pistachio yield. Water use efficiency (WUE) of this treatment was 164g dry yield per cubic meter. Nevertheless, application of water rate of 4783 m3ha-1y-1 can result in the deficiency of irrigation water. At this water rate, WUE was 177g dry yield per cubic meter. However, it was found that the application of lower water rate ( LA eng UL http://jcpp.iut.ac.ir/article-1-819-en.html M3 ER -