TY - JOUR T1 - Fate of Gram-Negative Bacteria Released from Different Organic Fertilizers in two Hamadan Soils TT - سرنوشت باکتری‌های گرم - منفی آزاد شده از کودهای آلی مختلف در دو خاک استان همدان JF - JCPP JO - JCPP VL - 12 IS - 46 UR - http://jcpp.iut.ac.ir/article-1-1153-en.html Y1 - 2009 SP - 693 EP - 704 KW - Transported fraction KW - Relative filtration KW - Soil structure KW - Cow manure KW - Poultry manure KW - Sewage sludge. N2 - Organic fertilizers are the sources of many human-pathogenic microorganisms which potentially threaten the human health. This study was carried out to explore the possible effects of soil and manure types on filtration, transport and fate of manure-borne bacteria through undisturbed soil columns. The manure treatments consisted of cow manure, poultry manure and sewage sludge which were distributed at the rate of 10 Mg ha-1 on the surfaces of intact columns of two sandy clay loam and loamy sand soils. The manure-treated soil columns were leached by tap water with similar unsaturated flux of 4.8 cm h-1 up to four pore volumes (PV). The influent and leachate were sampled at different PVs. Gram-negative bacteria concentrations were determined for the influent and the columns’ leachate. Average influent concentration, average effluent concentration, relative filtration, and transported bacteria fraction during the leaching events were determined. Significant differences (P M3 ER -