per
Isfahan University of Technology - Journal of Crop Production and Processing
2251-8517
2251-8525
2011-05
1
2
1
18
article
Effect of Planting Date on Cold Tolerance of Winter, Spring and Facultative Growth Types of Wheat Genotypes
A. Eivazi
alirezaeivazi@yahoo.com
1
M. Javani
2
M. Rezaei
3
Early autumnal and late spring frosts usually impose damages to wheat production in North-West of Iran. In order to investigate cold tolerance of wheat genotypes, two laboratory and field experiments were carried out at three planting dates of 12 Oct. and 1 and 21 Nov. 2007 in Saatlu Agricultural Research Station on 15 genotypes with winter, facultative and spring-growth types. Arrangement of the greenhouse and field experiments were completely randomized design and randomized complete blocks design, respectively. Results showed that spring and facultative- growth types had the highest and lowest ion leakage. At 6-leaf stage (60 days after planting), autumn-growth type genotypes including Saison, Marton, Gascogen, C-82-12, C-81-14, along with facultative-growth type genotypes of Alvand, Mahdavi and Zarrin were in vegetative growth stage, but Shiraz, Pishtaz, M-79-7, M-81-13 and Kavir spring-growth type genotypes, with two facultative-growth type genotypes of Marvdasht and Tus entered the reproductive stage and were susceptible to cold stress. Spring-growth type genotypes had the minimum grain yield and yield components. Facultative-growth type genotypes had more total dry matter and were taller. The C-82-12 genotype had minimum ion leakage, needed minimum survival temperature of -35 ْC for 50% of the plants, and had maximum grain yield and total dry matter. In contrast, the M-79-7 genotype had maximum ion leakage, highest standard deviation for grain yield and dry matter, and needed minimum survival temperature of -30 ْC for 50% of the plants. Number of spike per m2 had positive correlation with grain yield. In general, negative correlation of ion leakage with total dry matter and grain yield could be used as an indirect criterion for screening of cold tolerant wheat genotypes.
http://jcpp.iut.ac.ir/article-1-1382-en.pdf
Cold stress
Grain yield
Ion leakage
Growth type.
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Isfahan University of Technology - Journal of Crop Production and Processing
2251-8517
2251-8525
2011-05
1
2
19
33
article
Study of the Quantitative and Qualitative Traits of Four Soybean (Glycine max L.) Cultivars under Different Sowing Dates in Shahrekord Region
H. Gharakhani Beni
1
M. Movahhedi Dehnavi
movahhedi54@yahoo.com
2
A. Yadavi
3
S. M. Hashemi Jazi
4
To study the effect of sowing date on quantitave and qualitative traits of soybean in Shahrekord region, an experiment was performed as split plot based on randomized complete blocks design with four replications at Agricultural and Natural Resources Research Centre of Chaharmahal-va-Bakhtiari, Shahrekord, in 2008. Four sowing dates (May 5, May 20, June 4 and June 19) and four varieties (M9, M7, L17 and Williams) were selected as main and sub plots, respectively. Results showed that maximum number of pods per plant, seeds per plant and biological yield were observed for M9 cultivar at 20 May sowing date. This sowing date had also the highest seed weight, oil percent and biological yield comared to other dates. The maximum protein percent was observed in June 4 (37.6%) and June 19 (38.4%) sowing dates. There was no significant difference between cultivars for oil and protein percent. There was no significant difference between three planting dates of May 5, May 20 and June 4 for seed yield. But minimum seed yield belonged to June 19 sowing date. In general, the M9 cultivar, with 2896.1 kg/ha seed yield, and then M7 cultivar with 2597.7 kg/ha seed yield, are recommendable as suitable soybean cultivars for cultivation in Shahrekord region.
http://jcpp.iut.ac.ir/article-1-1383-en.pdf
Soybean
Yield
Yield components
Protein
Oil.
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Isfahan University of Technology - Journal of Crop Production and Processing
2251-8517
2251-8525
2011-05
1
2
35
44
article
Effect of Timing of Potassium Application on Millet (Setaria italica) Yield and Grain Protein Content in Different Irrigation Regimes
A. Hayati
1
M. Ramroudi
m_ramroudi@yahoo.com
2
M. Galavi
3
The research on reducing the water consumption in conventional cropping system is one of the important strategies to improve the water use efficiency in agriculture. In order to investigate the effect of time of potassium application under different irrigation regimes on millet grain yield and protein percent, a field experiment was carried out in Agricultural Research Center of Yasuj, Iran, in 2009. The experiment was conducted as split plot design in a randomized complete blocks design with 3 replications. Irrigation regime included 7, 14 and 21-day intervals as main factor and sub-plots included time of potassium fertilizer application in four stages: planting, tillering, stem development and flowering. The results showed that the effect of irrigation interval was significant on 1000-seed weight, grain and biological yield, number of grains per spike, harvest index, protein content, and chlorophyll a, b and total of leaves. By increasing the irrigation interval, all the above-mentioned traits decreased, except the protein percent that increased. The 1000-seed weight, grain and biological yield, harvest index and protein content were affected significantly by the time of potassium application. Maximum grain yield was obtained by interaction of 7- day irrigation interval and potassium application at the stem development stage. Maximum grain protein content was measured in potassium application at flowering stage. In general, increasing the irrigation interval, and subsequent water stress, reduced plant growth and yield components. Application of potassium fertilizer at early growth stages increased yield and yield components, while in reproductive stages increased seed quality.
http://jcpp.iut.ac.ir/article-1-1384-en.pdf
Leaf chlorophyll
Flowering
Biological yield
Irrigation intervals
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Isfahan University of Technology - Journal of Crop Production and Processing
2251-8517
2251-8525
2011-05
1
2
45
63
article
Investigation of Genetic Control of Traits Related to Salinity Tolerance in Rice Seedling Using Line × Tester Method
H. Sabouri
hos.sabouri@gmail.com
1
A. Sabouri
2
S. Navvabpour
3
After wheat, rice is the second most important cereal grown in Iran that improvement of its economical characteristics always has important role in the rice breeding programs. In order to estimate the genetic parameters and identify salt-tolerant varieties and hybrids in seedling stage, seven female parents (Shah-pasand, Gharib, Tarom Mahalli, Ahlami Tarom, Hashemi and Dom Sepid) and four male parents (Khazar, Sepidroud, Dorfak and IR28) were crossed in a Line × tester mating design and their progenies were evaluated for traits related to salinity tolerance in Physiology Laboratory of Gonbad Kavous University. These traits include genetic code, chlorophyll content, root and shoot length, dry weight of root and shoot, sodium and potassium percentage in roots and shoots, ratio of sodium to potassium in roots and shoots and the percentage of seedlings’ stand. The results showed both additive and non-additive effects are involved in seedlings’ traits under salinity condition but non-additive effects play more important role in the genetic control of the traits. In this study, it was found that varieties of Hashemi (-0.101), Gharib (-0.284), Tarom Mahalli (-0.326), Sepidroud (-0.562) and Dorfak (-0.164) which possess good general combining ability are suitable for transferring more desirable genetic code and the higher percentage of seedlings stand and could be used in breeding programs to reduce the genetic code and increase the seedlings’ stand under salinity stress. In addition, investigation of specific combining ability for morphological and physiological characteristics showed that among the 28 crosses, three hybrids of Sepidroud×Ahlami Tarom, Dorfak×Hashemi and Dorfak×Sepidroud could be suitable for the breeding programs of salinity tolerance in seedling stage.
http://jcpp.iut.ac.ir/article-1-1385-en.pdf
Cold stress
Grain yield
Ion leakage
Growth type.
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Isfahan University of Technology - Journal of Crop Production and Processing
2251-8517
2251-8525
2011-05
1
2
65
78
article
Yield Response of Maize Hybrids to Drought Stress at Different Growth Stages
J. Rabbani
1
Y. Emam
yaemam@gmail.com
2
Drought stress is the most important limiting factor in crop plants including maize (Zea mays L.), which is the third important world crop after wheat and rice. Water deficiency at different growth stages affects maize yield differently. To examine the response of four maize hybrids to drought stress at different growth stages, a field experiment was carried out as a split plot based on completely randomized block design at Research Farm of College of Agriculture, Shiraz University, during 2009 and 2010 growing seasons. The main plots composed of four drought stress levels including optimum irrigation, withholding irrigation at vegetative growth stage (8-leaf to flowering), flowering and kernel filling. Four maize hybrids including Zola, BC666, Maxima and SC704 were allocated into sub-plots. Data analysis showed that the effect of year was not significant on measured characters thus, the data of both years were combined. Drought stress affected all measured characters except number of kernels per ear. The most significant effect of drought stress at vegetative growth phase was on reduction of plant height (10.2%). Drought stress at flowering reduced ear length (12.6%), kernel per ear (17.8%), yield (29.1%) and harvest index (20.4%). The 1000-kernel weight was significantly reduced (10.3%) when drought stress occurred at kernel filling stage. SC704 hybrid had the highest height (281.07 cm), kernel per ear (710.62), ear length (19.45 cm), 1000-kernel weight (316.49 gr), biological yield (25368 kg/ha) and kernel weight (11291 kg/ha). The highest harvest index (46.99%) was achieved in Maxima hybrid. It appears that flowering stage was the most sensitive stage to drought. Although drought stress at all growth stages reduced maize yield, but in dry areas, it might be possible to accept a small reduction in maize yield and save an irrigation in favor of other crops, simultaneously grown with maize. According to the results of this 2-year experiment, Maxima hybrid appeared to be suitable for drought-prone areas, while SC704 is better for normal conditions.
http://jcpp.iut.ac.ir/article-1-1386-en.pdf
Biological yield
Maize hybrids
Growth stages
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Isfahan University of Technology - Journal of Crop Production and Processing
2251-8517
2251-8525
2011-05
1
2
79
89
article
Influence of Micronutrients Foliar Application on Seed Yield and Quality Traits of Black Cumin in Different Irrigation Regimes
SH. Shabanzadeh
1
M. Ramroudi
m_ramroudi@yahoo.com
2
M. Galavi
3
In order to investigate the effect of micronutrients foliar application and irrigation regimes on black cumin, a field experiment was carried out in Agricultural and Natural Resources Research Center of Bojnord, Iran, in 2009. The experiment was conducted as split plots in randomized complete blocks design with 3 replications. Irrigation regime included: 7, 14 and 21-day irrigation intervals as main factor and sub-plots included micronutrients foliar application in five treatments: No-foliar application (control), Zn foliar application with concentration of 3‰, B foliar application with concentration of 2‰, Fe foliar application with concentration of 4‰, and mixture of the three elements. Results showed that the effect of irrigation regime on 1000-seed weight, seed yield, and the percentage and yield of essential oils was significant. By increasing the irrigation interval, all of the above mentioned traits were decreased, except the essential oils percentage that was increased. Also, micronutrients foliar application affected seed yield, Fe, Zn and B concentration, and the percentage and yield of essential oils. Interaction between irrigation regime and micronutrients foliar application on percentage of essential oils showed significant effects. Maximum seed yield was obtained from 7-day irrigation regime and foliar application with a mixture of the three elements. Besides, maximum essential oils percentage was observed in interaction of 21-day irrigation regime and foliar application with a mixture of the three elements. Therefore, it appears that foliar application of micronutrients, along with proper irrigation interval, increases the seed yield and qualitative traits in black cumin.
http://jcpp.iut.ac.ir/article-1-1387-en.pdf
Yield of essential oil
Micronutrients
Black cumin
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Isfahan University of Technology - Journal of Crop Production and Processing
2251-8517
2251-8525
2011-05
1
2
91
103
article
Effect of Plant Density on Yield and Quality Traits of Four Sunflower Genotypes
Z. Emami Bistgani
zohreemami66@gmail.com
1
S. A. Siadat
2
A. Bakhshande
3
KH. Alami Saeid
4
GH. H. Shiresmaeili
5
In order to determine the effect of plant density on yield and qualitative traits of four genotypes of sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) an experiment was conduct in Research Farm of Kabotar Abad, Isfahan province, Iran, in 2009. The statistical design was factorial arrangement in complete randomized blocks with four replications. Four plant density (6, 8, 10 and 12 plants/m2) and four genotypes of sunflower (Arm-mok18-85, S1R-85-ES, MOK13-85 and KC20/83ES85) were considered. The results indicated that the effect of plant density was significant on all measured traits except oil percentage, ratio of nut to seed coat, protein percentage and number of days to physiological maturity. The effect of genotype was significant on all traits except head diameter, number of seeds per m2, oil yield, protein percentage and harvest index. Interaction of plant density and genotype was significant on oil yield, biologic yield and number of days to physiological maturity (p<0.01). The highest yield (3500.52 kg/ha) was produced in by plants/m2 and Arm-mok18-85 genotype. In general, results indicated that there was no significant difference for seed yield between 10 and 12 plants/m2 densities. Therefore, to decrease seed consumption, it seems that 10 plants/m2 could be recommended.
http://jcpp.iut.ac.ir/article-1-1388-en.pdf
Sunflower genotype
Agronomic traits
Oil yield
Plant spacing.