per
Isfahan University of Technology - Journal of Crop Production and Processing
2251-8517
2251-8525
2013-06
3
8
1
10
article
Controlling the Sex of Flowers in Different Stages of Growth and Development of Melon (Cucumis melo var. reticualus L.) with Ethephon Application
K. Arabsalmani
1
A. H. Jalali
jalali51@yahoo.com
2
P. Jafari
3
To investigate the effect of ethephon on control of male flowers in melon, a split plot experiment, with randomized complete blocks design and three replications, was conducted in Agricultural and Natural Resources Research Center of Varamin, Iran, during 2005-2006. The main factor included three levels of plant growth stage (3-leaf, 6-leaf and early reproductive stage) and sub-plots included four ethephon levels (0, 100, 200 and 300 mg/L). The appearance time of female flowers, number of male and female flowers (7 and 14 days after application of ethephon), total yield and female/male flowers ratio were evaluated. Results showed that plant response to increasing concentration of ethephon depends on plant growth stage. By using the ethephon concentrations of 100, 200 and 300 mg/L, the emergence of female flowers was delayed 6, 13 and 15 days, respectively, in comparison to control. The highest yield (26430 kg/ha) was obtained with spraying of 200 mg/L ethephon in trifoliate plants. In this case, the ratio of female to male flowers was highest (81.5%). A high dose of ethephon (over 200 mg/L) was associated with reduced yield and ratio of female to male flowers, at all stages of plant growth, especially in reproductive growth stage. The results this research showed that the beneficial effects of ethephon application is possible only if the right time is chosen with respect to plant growth.
http://jcpp.iut.ac.ir/article-1-1818-en.pdf
Female flowers
Reproductive growth stage
Ethylene
Yield.
per
Isfahan University of Technology - Journal of Crop Production and Processing
2251-8517
2251-8525
2013-06
3
8
11
23
article
The Effect of Drought Stress on Morphological Characteristics and Yield Components of Medicinal Plant Fenugreek
N. Bazzazi
n_bazazi64@yahoo.com
1
M. Khodambashi
2
SH. Mohammadi
3
Dept. of Plant Breed., College of Agric., Shahrekord Univ., Shahrekord, Iran.
Dept. of Plant Breed., College of Agric., Shahrekord Univ., Shahrekord, Iran.
Dept. of Plant Breed., College of Agric., Shahrekord Univ., Shahrekord, Iran.
Fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum L.) is one of the oldest medicinal plants. In order to study water-stress effects on some morphological characteristics of fenugreek, an experiment was carried out in a strip plots based on randomized complete blocks design with three replicates, at Research Farm of Shahrekord University, Shahrekord, Iran, in 2010. The first factor was allocated to four water stress levels (irrigation after depletion of 20 (as control), 40, 60 and 80% of available soil moisture) and the second factor was six fenugreek landraces (Shiraz, Ardestan, Tirancheh, Yazd, Jahrom and Hindi). The results of ANOVA and comparison of means indicated that the effect of water stress was significant for all traits and variation was observed among landraces for all the studied characteristics. Mean comparison showed that drought stress reduced days to flowering, days to maturity, plant height and yield components (number of pods per plant, number of seeds per pod and 1000-kernel weight). It was also revealed that water stress caused reduction in biological yield (43%) and grain yield (42.3%) of all genotypes. Comparison between landraces indicated that maximum biological and grain yield belonged to Ardestan landrace. Assessment of cluster analysis showed that it was possible to classify Ardestan, Shiraz and Tirancheh as a single group having tolerance to water stress. In general, based on obtained results, the Ardestan landrace, with 22.37 g/plant, had the highest biological yield and Hindi landrace, with 73.83 days to maturity, was the most early-maturing one.
http://jcpp.iut.ac.ir/article-1-1819-en.pdf
Landrace
Water deficit
Agronomic characteristics.
per
Isfahan University of Technology - Journal of Crop Production and Processing
2251-8517
2251-8525
2013-06
3
8
25
36
article
Effect of Drought Stress and Plant Density on Yield and Some Physiological Characteristics of Pinto Bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) in Yasouj Region
N. Emadi
1
SH. Jahanbin
2
H. R. Balouchi
balouchi@mail.yu.ac.ir
3
Dept. of Agron. and Plant Breed., College of Agric., Yasouj Univ., Yasouj, Iran.
Dept. of Agron. and Plant Breed., College of Agric., Yasouj Univ., Yasouj, Iran.
Dept. of Agron. and Plant Breed., College of Agric., Yasouj Univ., Yasouj, Iran.
In order to investigate the effects of drought stress and plant density on yield and some physiological characteristics of pinto bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L. cv. C.O.S16), a field experiment was conducted in split plot arrangement based on randomized complete blocks design with three replications at Research Farm of Yasouj University, Yasouj, Iran, in 2010. Treatments were conventional irrigation, drought stress at growth stage and drought stress at reproductive stage as main plots and plant density at four levels (15, 25, 35 and 45 plants/m2) as subplots. In this experiment, mean grain and biological yield, chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, proline, carotenoid and protein content were measured. Result showed that there was significant interaction between drought stress and plant density on biological yield, grain yield and harvest index. Maximum biological yield and grain yield (11235 and 3368 kg/ha, respectively) was recorded at 35 plants/m2 density in conventional irrigation treatment, which had no significant difference with 45 plants/m2 density. The highest grain yield due to drought stress in growth and reproductive stages (2520 and 2260 kg/ha, respectively) was observed at 35 plants/m2 density and the lowest yield (2066 and 1953 kg/ha, respectively) was obtained at 15 plants/m2. Drought stress at growth and reproductive stages reduced grain yield and chlorophyll a content, and increased carotenoid content, chlorophyll b, proline and protein content of seeds. In general, density of 35 plants/m2, without any drought stress, and density of 25 plants/m2 at all drought-stress levels, is recommended for pinto bean (cultivar C.O.S.16) in similar environmental conditions to this experiment.
http://jcpp.iut.ac.ir/article-1-1821-en.pdf
Proline
Photosynthetic pigments
Drought stress
Carotenoid
Legumes.
per
Isfahan University of Technology - Journal of Crop Production and Processing
2251-8517
2251-8525
2013-06
3
8
37
51
article
Effect of PRD Deficit-irrigation Method and Growth Stabilizer on Yield, Yield Components and Water Use Efficiency of Safflower
M. Meidanshahi
1
S. F. Mousavi
mousavi_sf@yahoo.com
2
B. Mostafazadeh-Fard
3
Dept. of Water Eng., College of Agric., Isf. Univ. Technol., Isfahan, Iran.
Adjunct Prof., Faculty of Civil Eng., Semnan Univ., Semnan, Iran.
Dept. of Water Eng., College of Agric., Isf. Univ. Technol., Isfahan, Iran.
While Iran is confronted with deficiency of fresh water resources, raising agricultural water use efficiency (WUE) is inevitable. A management method which could be effective in increasing agricultural WUE is PRD irrigation method. In PRD method, half of the root zone is irrigated and the other half is kept dry intermittently. The objective of this research was to study yield, yield components and WUE of safflower, using PRD irrigation method and a growth stabilizer in two soil textures. The factorial experiment, based on complete random design and three replications, included three irrigation methods (T1, complete irrigation T2, PRD with barrier T3, PRD without barrier), two levels of stabilizer (B1, spraying sodium salicylate and B2, without spraying sodium salicylate) and two soil textures (S1, clay loam and S2, sandy loam). Results showed that the PRD method in T2 treatment decreased plant height by 54.1%, number of heads by 68%, 1000-seed weight by 32%, plant dry-weight by 345, seed yield by 30%, harvest index by 17.6% and water consumption by 50%, as compared with T1 treatment. But WUE was increased by 35%. WUE of T3 treatment was 18.5% less than T2 treatment. Seed yield in sandy loam soil (8.8 g per plant) was more than seed yield of clay loam soil (3.8 g per plant). Application of growth stabilizer in T1, T2 and T3 treatments increased WUE by 14.3, 7.1 and 8.7%, respectively, as compared to non-sprayed treatments. In general, the PRD irrigation method and spraying sodium salicylate on the plants enhanced WUE of safflower in sandy loam soil. Implementation of this irrigation method in the field needs further investigations.
http://jcpp.iut.ac.ir/article-1-1822-en.pdf
Water scarcity
PRD irrigation method
Sodium salicylate
Safflower.
per
Isfahan University of Technology - Journal of Crop Production and Processing
2251-8517
2251-8525
2013-06
3
8
53
60
article
Determination of Critical Period of Weed Control in Dry Bean under Climatic Conditions of Hamadan
H. Ghamari
ghamari130@gmail.com
1
G. Ahmadvand
2
M. A. Aboutalebian
3
Dept. of Agron. and Plant Breed., College of Agric., Bu-Ali Sina Univ., Hamedan, Iran.
Dept. of Agron. and Plant Breed., College of Agric., Bu-Ali Sina Univ., Hamedan, Iran.
Dept. of Agron. and Plant Breed., College of Agric., Bu-Ali Sina Univ., Hamedan, Iran.
In order to determine the critical periods of weed control in dry bean, an experiment was conducted in 2011 at Agricultural and Natural Research Center of Hamadan, Iran. The experiment was a randomized complete blocks design with 12 treatments and 3 replications. Treatments were divided into two groups. The first group included weed interference periods until 10, 20, 30, 40 and 50 days after emergence of dry bean. The second group included weed control periods until aforementioned periods. Control plots consisted of two treatments that kept weed free and weed infested throughout the growing season. The planted bean cultivar was Naz, which is a creeping cultivar. Seeds were hand-planted in June 2011. Results showed that among the weeds, the maximum importance value of weed (IVW) was related to lamb's quarters and red-root amaranth (36.66 and 30.11%, respectively). Increase in duration of weed-infested periods caused an ascending trend for dry weight of weeds, while their density increased at first and decreased when it reached at maximum point. Taking 5% and 10% acceptable yield loss for dry beans, the critical period of weed control was determined as 20 to 68 days after emergence (equivalent to V2 to R1 stages) and from 22 to 55 days after emergence (equivalent to V2 to V6 stages), respectively. Therefore, weeds of dry bean must be controlled in these periods
http://jcpp.iut.ac.ir/article-1-1823-en.pdf
Weed dry weight
Yield Loss
Plant density
Interference.
per
Isfahan University of Technology - Journal of Crop Production and Processing
2251-8517
2251-8525
2013-06
3
8
61
71
article
Growing Degree Days Zoning of Developmental Stages of Spring Safflower in Isfahan Province
T. Yasari
yasari85@yahoo.com
1
M. R. Shahsavari
2
Dept. of Physics, College of Sci., Zabol Univ., Zabol, Iran.
Agric. and Natur. Resour. Res. Center, Isfahan, Iran.
Using growing degree days (GDD) for expression of duration of plants’ developmental stages is preferred over calendar time. Therefore, determination of GDD and zoning of regions is very important for on time and correct agronomic practices and also for better land use. To determine the required GDD for developmental stages of spring safflower cultivars, the data obtained from planting-date experiments in two years at Kabotar Abad Agricultural Research Station of Isfahan, was used. In each year, three cultivars of Arak, Goldasht and Zendehrud were evaluated in 8 planting dates. Zoning of the province was done by calculated GDD and temperature data of 51 synoptic and climatologic stations of Isfahan province and neighboring provinces. Interpolation of GDD was performed in geographic information system (GIS). Based on the first suitable planting date in every region and the required GDD, pertinent maps were drawn in GIS. Results showed that the required mean GDD for planting to emergence, planting to heading, planting to flowering and planting to maturity were 152, 924, 1275 and 1972, respectively. Zoning of the province showed that if safflower is planted at suitable date, GDD for all developmental stages will be provided in all parts of the province. For this purpose, by considering the plant's base temperature and required temperature for emergence of seeds in soil in every region, suitable planting date must be chosen.
http://jcpp.iut.ac.ir/article-1-1824-en.pdf
Temporal data
GIS
Base temperature.
per
Isfahan University of Technology - Journal of Crop Production and Processing
2251-8517
2251-8525
2013-06
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73
81
article
Effect of Partial Root Zone Drying on Quantitative and Qualitative Characteristics of Strawberry (Fragaria Ananassa Cv. Selva)
O. Asadi Aghdam
omid_asadi0901@yahoo.com
1
S. J. Tabatabaei
2
J. Hajilou
3
College of Hort. Sci., College of Agric., Tabriz Univ., Tabriz, Iran.
College of Hort. Sci., College of Agric., Tabriz Univ., Tabriz, Iran.
College of Hort. Sci., College of Agric., Tabriz Univ., Tabriz, Iran.
This experiment was conducted to study the effects of application of partial root zone drying technique on quantitative and qualitative characteristics of strawberry (Fragaria ananassa cv. Selva). The experiment was arranged as randomized complete blocks design with five treatments and four replications. One week after planting the seedlings, different irrigation regimes including FC: FC (moisture content in both sides of the roots at field capacity), FC: 1/2 FC (moisture content in one side of the roots at field capacity and in the other side at half field capacity), FC: Dry (moisture content in one side at field capacity and the other side is dry), ½ FC: Dry (moisture content in one side at half field capacity and the other side is dry) and 1/2 FC: 1/2 FC (moisture content in both sides of the roots at half field capacity) were applied by emitters (and controlled by moisture sensors). Traits such as fresh weight of vegetative parts and fruits, leaf number of leaves, chlorophyll index, leaf area index, leaf leakage of electrolytes, proline, and soluble solids were measured. Results showed that the highest fresh weight of vegetative parts and fruits, number of leaves, chlorophyll index and leaf area index were measured in FC: FC and FC: 1/2 FC treatments. Maximum electrolyte leakage, proline and soluble solids were in 1/2 FC: Dry treatment. Plants under this technique showed resistance mechanisms, against drought stress, such as proline production and reduction of number and surface of leaves.
http://jcpp.iut.ac.ir/article-1-1825-en.pdf
Irrigation
Field capacity
Partial rootzone drying
Proline.
per
Isfahan University of Technology - Journal of Crop Production and Processing
2251-8517
2251-8525
2013-06
3
8
83
92
article
Effect of Pretreatment with Indole-3-Butyric Acid on Germination Characteristics of Pinto Bean Seed under Salt Stress
N. Aghaeipour
1
M. Zavareh
mzavareh@guilan.ac.ir
2
M. R. Khaledian
3
Dept. of Agron. and Plant Breed., College of Agric. Sci., Univ. of Guilan, Rasht, Iran.
Dept. of Agron. and Plant Breed., College of Agric. Sci., Univ. of Guilan, Rasht, Iran.
Dept. of Water Eng., College of Agric. Sci., Univ. of Guilan, Rasht, Iran.
In order to study the effect of seed priming by indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) on germination characteristics of pinto bean under salinity stress, a factorial laboratory experiment, based on completely randomized design with three replications, was carried out at the Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran, in 2011-2012. Three levels of pretreatment (0, 10 and 20 mg/L IBA) and five levels of salinity stress due to NaCl (0, 1, 2, 3 and 4 dS/m) were considered. Results represented the significant effect of IBA on shoot length, root dry matter as well as allometric coefficient. Salinity had significant effect on shoot and root length, shoot dry weight, vigor index and allometric coefficient. While, interaction effect of IBA and salinity was significant only for allometric coefficient. In this experiment, the rate and percentage of germination were not affected by any of the treatments. Comparison of means showed that increasing IBA concentration resulted in an increase in shoot length (1.9 to 2.1 cm), shoot dry weight (0.03 to 0.05 gm) and allometric coefficient (0.71 to 1.06 cm), while increased salinity resulted in a decrease in root length (2.6 to 2 cm), vigor index (202.8 to 147.7) as well as allometric coefficient (1.1 to 0.78 cm). Increasing salinity increased shoot length first, and then reduced it. Overall, it appears that application of IBA for pretreatment of pinto been seeds could enhance seedling establishment under saline conditions through the improvement of root length.
http://jcpp.iut.ac.ir/article-1-1826-en.pdf
Allometric coefficient
Shoot length
Root length
Seedling.
per
Isfahan University of Technology - Journal of Crop Production and Processing
2251-8517
2251-8525
2013-06
3
8
93
104
article
Yield Response of Bread and Durum Wheat to Different Levels of Auxin and Cytokinin Application under Terminal Drought Stress Conditions
Y. Emam
yaemam@gmail.com
1
H. Karimzadeh Sureshjani
2
S. Moori
3
K. Maghsoudi
4
Dept. of Agron. and Plant Breed., College of Agric., Shiraz Univ., Shiraz, Iran.
Dept. of Agron. and Plant Breed., College of Agric., Shiraz Univ., Shiraz, Iran.
Dept. of Agron. and Plant Breed., College of Agric., Shiraz Univ., Shiraz, Iran.
Dept. of Agron. and Plant Breed., College of Agric., Shiraz Univ., Shiraz, Iran.
Drought stress is the most important factor restricting both growth and crop yield formation under arid and semi-arid conditions. In a field experiment, the effects of foliar application of growth regulators of auxin at three levels (0, 20 and 40 mg/L) and cytokinin at three levels (0, 50 and 70 µmol) at pollination stage on yield and yield components of a bread wheat (Shiraz cultivar) and durum wheat (Yavaros cultivar) under drought conditions (normal irrigation and irrigation cut-off at flowering stage) were investigated. This experiment was carried out at college of Agriculture, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran, during 2010-2011 as split-split factorial using complete randomized blocks design with three replications. The results showed that drought stress reduced number of grains per spike (25% for Shiraz and Yavaros cv), 1000-grain weight (14 and 30% for Shiraz and Yavaros cv respectively), number of grains per unitarea (30% for Shiraz and Yavaros cv), grain yield (15 and 35% for Shiraz and Yavaros cv respectively), biological yield (13 and 35% for Shiraz and Yavaros cv respectively) and wheat harvest index (15 and 27% for Shiraz and Yavaros cv respectively). Foliar application of auxin and cytokinin under normal irrigation improved grain yield and yield components. Therefore, it was concluded from this research that application of 40 mg/L auxin for bread wheat (Shiraz cv.) and 70 µmol cytokinin for durum wheat (Yavaros cv.) improved grain yield only under normal irrigation conditions.
http://jcpp.iut.ac.ir/article-1-1827-en.pdf
Drought stress
Growth regulator
Hormone.
per
Isfahan University of Technology - Journal of Crop Production and Processing
2251-8517
2251-8525
2013-06
3
8
105
114
article
Effects of Plant Density and Nitrogen Fertilizer on Dry Flower Yield and Essential Oil Content of Chamomile (Matricaria chamomilla)
Gh. Sharafi
godratsharafi@yahoo.com
1
A. Khorgamy
2
M. Rafiee
3
SH. Ahmadi
4
GH. Bour
5
Dept. of Agron., Islamic Azad Univ., Khorramabad Branch, Khorramabad, Iran.
Dept. of Agron., Islamic Azad Univ., Khorramabad Branch, Khorramabad, Iran.
Agric. and Natur. Resour. Res. Center of Lorestan, Khorramabad, Iran
Razi Herbal Medicines Res. Center, Lorestan Univ., of Medicine Res. Center, Lorestan Univ. of Medi. Sci., Khorramabad, Iran.
Dept. of Agron., Islamic Azad Univ., Khorramabad Branch, Khorramabad, Iran.
Chamomile is a valuable medicinal plant and is used as spice and herbal medicine. Application of agronomical methods has important role in increasing quantitative and qualitative traits of this medicinal plant. Fertilizer management is an important factor in successful cultivation of medicinal plants, which could have positive effects on their quantitative and qualitative indices. This experiment was conducted in order to determine the effects of plant density and nitrogen (N) fertilizer on dry flower yield and essential oil content of chamomile (Matricaria chamomilla) using factorial randomized complete blocks design with three replications. Three N rates from urea source (0, 100 and 200 kg/ha) and three plant densities (28.6, 40 and 66.7 plants per m2) were considered. The results showed that the highest single plant yield was produced in the lowest plant density (28.6 plants per m2) and application of 100 kg/ha N. The highest dry flower yield of 474.1 kg/ha and essential oil content of 0.2% was produced in 25 cm row width and fixed plant spacing of 10 cm (40 plants per m2) and application of 100 kg/ha N.
http://jcpp.iut.ac.ir/article-1-1828-en.pdf
Medicinal plants
Plant density
Flower yield.
per
Isfahan University of Technology - Journal of Crop Production and Processing
2251-8517
2251-8525
2013-06
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115
126
article
Effects of Row Spacing and Plant Density on Yield and Yield Components of Sweet Corn in Climatic Conditions of Isfahan
N. Khodaeian
1
M. Zahedi
mzahedi@cc.iut.ac.ir
2
Dept. of Agron. and Plant Breed., College of Agric., Isf. Univ. Technol., Isfahan, Iran.
Dept. of Agron. and Plant Breed., College of Agric., Isf. Univ. Technol., Isfahan, Iran.
To evaluate the effects of row spacing and plant density on yield and yield components of sweet corn, variety KSC403, an experiment was conducted in Research Farm of Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan, Iran, in 2007, as randomized complete block design with a split-plot layout and three replications. The main plots were allocated to two row spacing (60 and 75 cm) and the sub-plots accommodated four levels of plant density (50000, 70000, 90000 and 110000 plants per ha). There was significant increase in leaf area index, shoot dry weight, 100-grain fresh weight and grain fresh yield, as row width was decreased from 75 to 60 cm but the plant height was decreased. There was no significant effect of row spacing on number of rows per ear, number of grains per row and number of grains per ear. Plant height, leaf area index, shoot dry weight per m2 and number of ears per m2 were increased with an increase in plant density. The number of rows per ear, number of grains per row, number of grains per ear, 100-grain fresh weight and grain fresh yield were significantly higher under plant densities of 90000 and 110000 as compared to 50000 and 70000 plants per ha. There was significant interaction between row spacing and plant density for leaf area index, shoot dry weight, number of grains per ear, 100-grain fresh weight and grain fresh yield. Under all plant densities, the grain fresh yield was higher in 60-cm row width compared to 70-cm row width. However, the difference between these two row spacing was not significant in plant densities of 50000 and 110000 plants per ha. The highest grain fresh yield (33940 kg/ha) was achieved under row spacing 60 cm and 70000 plants per ha and the least grain fresh yield (20750 kg/ha) was obtained in under 75 cm row width and 110000 plants per ha. Considering the obtained results of this experiment, to have maximum grain fresh yield of sweet corn under Isfahan climate, the row spacing of 60 cm and plant density of 70000 plants per ha is recommended.
http://jcpp.iut.ac.ir/article-1-1829-en.pdf
Sweet corn
Row spacing
Plant density
Grain yield.
per
Isfahan University of Technology - Journal of Crop Production and Processing
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2013-06
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127
136
article
Effects of Nitrogen Nutrition and Salinity Stress on 1000-Grain Weight, Mucilage Content and Nutrient Uptake in Psyllium (Plantago ovata F.)
M. Heidari
haydari2005@gmail.com
1
F. Farzaneh
2
Dept. of Agron. and Plant Breed., Univ. of shahrood, shahrood, Iran.
Dept. of Biol., College of Sci., Univ. of Golestan, Gorgan, Iran.
In order to investigate the effects of salinity stress and three nitrogen fertilizers on some traits of psyllium (Plantago ovata) plants, a factorial experiment, as completely randomized design with three replications, was carried out at University of Zabol, in 2010. Salinity at three levels (0, 100 and 200 mM sodium chloride) was the main plot and three forms of nitrogen source (nitrate from calcium nitrate, ammonium from ammonium sulfate, and ammonium + nitrate (50: 50)) were the sub-plot. Seeds were sown in pots containing clean sand. After germination, plants nutrition was by application of Hoagland solution, which was prepared according to the nitrogen treatments. Salinity stress was started at 2-leaf stage. Results showed that salinity significantly affected 1000-grain weight, spike length, mucilage content of grains, and swelling index of psyllium grains. By increasing salinity level, the spike length and 1000-grain weight were decreased 21.5% and 27.3%, respectively. Among the four mentioned traits, interaction of salinity and nitrogen treatment significantly affected only the spike length. Maximum spike length was obtained in non-saline treatment and ammonium fertilizer. Salinity stress increased the sodium and chlorine ions and decreased the potassium content in shoots. Nitrogen source and interaction between salinity and nitrogen significantly affected the content of these elements in plants. The highest concentration of sodium and potassium was obtained in 200 mM sodium chloride and non-saline treatments (control), respectively, along with application of ammonium fertilizer.
http://jcpp.iut.ac.ir/article-1-1830-en.pdf
Nitrate
Ammonium
Spike length.
per
Isfahan University of Technology - Journal of Crop Production and Processing
2251-8517
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2013-06
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137
148
article
Effect of Phosphate Solubilizer Biofertilizer and Phosphorus Fertilizer on Response of Agronomic Traits, Yield and Yield Components of Pumpkin (Cucurbita pepo L.)
J. Hamzei
j.hamzei@basu.ac.ir
1
S. Najari
2
F. Sadeghi Meabadi
3
G. Ahmadvand
4
J. Soltani
5
Dept. of Agron. and Plant Breed., College of Agric., Bu-Ali Sina Univ., Hamedan, Iran.
Dept. of Agron. and Plant Breed., College of Agric., Bu-Ali Sina Univ., Hamedan, Iran.
Dept. of Agron. and Plant Breed., College of Agric., Bu-Ali Sina Univ., Hamedan, Iran.
Dept. of Agron. and Plant Breed., College of Agric., Bu-Ali Sina Univ., Hamedan, Iran.
Dept. of Plant Pathol., College of Agric., Bu-Ali Sina Univ., Hamedan, Iran.
This research was carried out to investigate the response of agronomic traits, yield and yield components of pumpkin (Cucurbita pepo L.) to phosphate solubilizer biofertilizer at different levels of phosphorus (P) fertilizer. The experiment was factorial, based on randomized complete blocks design with three replications. Treatments included two levels of phosphate solubilizer biofertilizer (inoculation of seeds and non-inoculation) and P fertilizer at four levels (25, 50, 75 and 100% of recommended level based on soil test), which were performed at Educational and Research Farm of Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamadan, Iran, in 2011. Results of the flowering stage showed that application of 75% P fertilizer produced maximum number of leaves per plant (21.86), leaf dry weight (27.75 g/plant) and plant dry weight (49.66 g). At the stage of fruit production, maximum number of branches and leaf dry weight per plant were achieved in inoculation treatment. With increasing P fertilizer application, the number of fruits per plant was increased. Application of P fertilizer up to 50% of recommended level along with using biofertilizer increased seed yield. This result could be due to increased efficiency of bacteria, which dissolve phosphate in lower rates of P fertilizer.
http://jcpp.iut.ac.ir/article-1-1831-en.pdf
Phosphate solubilizer
Fruit yield
Seed yield.
per
Isfahan University of Technology - Journal of Crop Production and Processing
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2013-06
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149
163
article
Trait Relationships in Five Species of Carthamus under Normal and Deficit Irrigation
R. Shiravand
1
M. M. Majidi
majidi@cc.iut.ac.ir
2
MSc. Student and Assis. Prof. of Plant Breed., Respectively, College of Agric., Isf. Univ. Technol., Isfahan, Iran.
MSc. Student and Assis. Prof. of Plant Breed., Respectively, College of Agric., Isf. Univ. Technol., Isfahan, Iran.
Littele is known about the relationships of different traits in safflower using wild and cultivated species. In this study, 46 safflower genotypes from five different species were evaluated under normal and deficit irrigation and the relationship of traits was assessed. Results showed that water stress had significant effect on head yield per plant, number of seeds per head, head diameter and 1000-seed weight but didn’t have significant effect on other traits. Positive and significant phenotypic correlations were observed among seed yield per plant with oil percent, number of heads per plant, head diameter, head yield per plant and number of seeds per head for both irrigation regimes, which were confirmed by genetic correlations. Based on stepwise regression, number of seeds per head justified the majority of seed yield variation for both stress and non-stress conditions. However, under normal conditions, the number of traits entered into the model and the justified variation was more than moisture stress conditions. Path analysis showed that number of heads per plant had the highest direct effect on seed yield in non-stress conditions and can be used to indirectly improve seed yield in safflower. Under stress conditions, number of seeds per head had the highest direct effect on seed yield. Factor analysis revealed four factors which explained more than 82 and 85 percent of variance in non-stress and stress conditions, respectively. These factors were named the sink, plant morphology, oil and economical factor in non-stress conditions. Under stress conditions, the factors were named the economical factor, plant morphology, sink and seed weight. The relationships between traits discussed in this study can be exploited in indirect selection to improve the important traits of safflower (such as seed yield and oil content) economically, through traits with higher heritability, with emphasis on wild germplasm.
http://jcpp.iut.ac.ir/article-1-1832-en.pdf
Safflower
Factor analysis
Indirect selection.
per
Isfahan University of Technology - Journal of Crop Production and Processing
2251-8517
2251-8525
2013-06
3
8
165
176
article
Study of Effects of Time, Quantity and Application Method of Benzylaminopurine and Gibberellic Acid Growth Regulators on Breaking Seed Dormancy of Kelussia odoratissima M.
S. Zafarian
sare_zafarian@yahoo.com
1
S. Houshmand
2
Dept. of Plant Breed., College of Agric, Shahrekord Univ., Shahrekord, Iran.
Dept. of Plant Breed., College of Agric, Shahrekord Univ., Shahrekord, Iran.
Karafs Kouhi (Kelussia odoratissima M.) is one of the important medicinal plants of umbelliferae family and native of Zagros Mountains range, which is endangered due to illegal harvests. In order to accelerate breaking the seed dormancy of this plant, a factorial experiment based on completely randomized design with four replications, was carried in Faculty of Agriculture, Shahrekord University. The seeds of Karafs Kouhi from Saraghaseyed ecotype were treated under three time periods (25, 50, 75 and 100 days after planting), combination of enzylaminopurine (BAP) (concentrations of 0, 0.75 and 1.5 mg/L) and gibberellic acid (GA3) (concentrations of 0, 250 and 500 mg/L) and application methods of these growth regulators (soaking seeds in the growth regulators and use of growth regulators directly on the medium). In this experiment, germination percentage, rootlet length and hypocotyl length were studied. The results indicated that 100 days after planting significantly (P≥0.01) showed the highest rates in the three studied traits. In this treatment, the germination percentage was 86.94%, rootlet length was 9.43 cm and hypocotyl length was 11.64 cm. Moreover, the interaction of the factors was not significant for all the traits. The best combination to increase germination percent, rootlet length and germination rate, was 0.75 mg/L BAP, 500 mg/L GA3 and direct use of growth regulators. To increase hypocotyl length, only 500 mg/L GA3 is recommended.
http://jcpp.iut.ac.ir/article-1-1833-en.pdf
Germination percentage
Germination rate
Rootlet length
Hypocotyl length.
per
Isfahan University of Technology - Journal of Crop Production and Processing
2251-8517
2251-8525
2013-06
3
8
177
189
article
Investigation of Superoxide Dismutase (SOD) Enzyme Activity, β-carotene, Total Phenol and Antioxidant Capacity in Fruit Peel of Five Citrus Cultivars under Low Temperature
B. Golein
bgoleincitrus@yahoo.com
1
M. Mohammadian Afshar
2
Z. Mobrami
3
Iran. Citrus Res. Inst., Ramsar, Iran.
Dept. of Biol., College of Sci., Guilan Univ., Rasht, Iran.
Dept. of Biol., College of Sci., Guilan Univ., Rasht, Iran.
Regarding the sensitivity of citrus fruit to low temperatures and the conjunction of the fruit harvest season with cold days of the year necessisates more research on physiological effects of cold-stress damages. In this study, five citrus cultivars including Sanguinelli blood orange, Local lemon, Valencia orange, Unshiu mandarin and Local orange were stored under various cold treatments (3, 0, -3 and -6 °C) at two stages of before fruit ripening and ripening. Control treatment had temperature of 15 °C. Variations of activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD), β-carotene and total phenol of fruit peel at two stages of before fruit ripening and ripening, as well as antioxidant capacity at ripening stage were examined. Results showed that under low temperature and control treatment, the SOD acivity, β–carotene and total phenol in fruit peel of the studied cultivars at ripening stage are higher than before ripening stage. In all the cultivars, except Local lemon, there was an increasing trend in the antioxidant capacity until 0 °C treatment and then became stable. The increasing trend of enzymetic and non-enzymetic antioxidants in fruit peel at ripening stage as compared with before ripening stage, was probably due to cold tolerance of fruits at this stage.
http://jcpp.iut.ac.ir/article-1-1834-en.pdf
Low-temperature stress
Fruit resistance
Fruit ripening.