per Journal of Crop Production and Processing 2251-8517 2251-8525 2013-12 3 10 1 11 article M. Jafaraghaei majidjafaraghaei@yahoo.com 1 A. H. Jalali 2 Agric. and Natur. Resour. Res. Center, Isfahan, Iran. Agric. and Natur. Resour. Res. Center, Isfahan, Iran. In order to examine the impact of different levels of salinity on yield and germination of 40 cultivars and local populations of cotton in greenhouse and field experiments were conducted at Rodasht Agricultural Research Station - Isfahan. In greenhouse experiments using a completely randomized design with three replications, effect of water with a salinity of 9 dS m-1 on germination rate and percentage in 40 cultivars and local populations of cotton were tested. In this experiment, three cultivar of Deltapayn 16, B557, and Lamberta with Azhyh local populations due to were selected based on higher percentage of germination for field testing phase. Field research for two years by using a split plot design with four replications was conducted. In this study, the salinity level of 4 and 8 dS m-1 main plots and three superior varieties and local populations in greenhouse experiments, formed the subplots. The results indicated significant interaction of salinity and cultivar, on yield, yield components and percent of emergence. Deltapayn 16 in the two salinity levels 4 and 8 dS m-1 produced 3602 and 3086 kg ha-1, respectively and significantly produced higher yield than other varieties. With increasing salinity from 4 to 8 dS m leaf and stem dry weight was lowest figure. With increasing salinity from 4 to 8 dS m, leaf and stem dry weight of Delta Pine 16 cultivar, compared with other less reduced. The yield of B557 variety was at the second level after Deltapayn16. Lambrayt varieties and local populations of Azhyh had lowest levels of performance at two levels of salinity. According to our results among the cultivars compared Deltapayn16 might be recommended for similar agro-climatic conditions. http://jcpp.iut.ac.ir/article-1-1999-en.pdf Salinity Cotton; Germination Capitula. per Journal of Crop Production and Processing 2251-8517 2251-8525 2013-12 3 10 13 24 article M. Pourebrahimi 1 M. Zavareh mzavareh@guilan.ac.ir 2 S. M. R. Ehteshami 3 College of Agric. Sci., Univ. of Guilan, Rasht, Iran College of Agric. Sci., Univ. of Guilan, Rasht, Iran College of Agric. Sci., Univ. of Guilan, Rasht, Iran In order to investigate the effect of Pseudomonas fluorescence strain 93 bacteria and Glomus esculentum fungus on quantitative and qualitative yield of two forage corn cultivars, an RCBD based factorial field experiment with three replications was conducted at the Agricultural Research Station of the University of Guilan in 2008. Treatments were considered as phosphorus chemical fertilizer, seed inoculation with Glomus esculentum mycorrhiza fungus, seed inoculation with Pseudomonas fluorescence strain 93 bacteria, seed inoculation with Pseudomonas fluorescence strain 93 bacteria and Glomus esculentum mycorrhiza fungus, and two corn cultivars (SC704 and SC647). No application of chemical fertilizer and microorganisms was considered as control. Results of ANOVA showed that plant height and leaf area, plant SPAD value, and plant biological yield were affected by cultivar × fertilizer interaction, significantly. The highest plant height (249.30 cm), SPAD value (52.30), and biological yield (251.51 g/plant) were related to cultivar SC704 which treated with chemical phosphorous fertilizer or inoculated with bacteria-fungus combination. The maximum plant leaf area was achieved in chemical phosphorous fertilizer followed by application of both bacteria and fungus treatments. Inoculation with both bacteria and fungus also resulted to highest dry matter digestibility (77.37 %) and crude protein (12.61 %). However, the highest (54.41 %) and lowest (34.38 %) crude fiber was related to control and bacteria-fungus combination treatments, respectively. Among two cultivars used in the experiment, SC704 was superior according to examine crop traits. Therefore, it could be expected that inoculating the seeds of SC704 corn cultivar with Pseudomonas fluorescence- Glomus esculentum combination resulted to reduce the use of phosphorus fertilizers and increase in the quality and quantity of forage corn. http://jcpp.iut.ac.ir/article-1-2000-en.pdf Pseudomonas bacteria Corn forage Biological yield Glomus mycorrhiza. per Journal of Crop Production and Processing 2251-8517 2251-8525 2013-12 3 10 25 36 article M. Alamian 1 S. A. Eftekhari eftekhari_9t@ yahoo.com 2 M. Heidari 3 N. Alamzadeh Ansari 4 Shahid Chamran Univ., Ahvaz, Khouzestan, Iran. Shahid Chamran Univ., Ahvaz, Khouzestan, Iran. Shahid Chamran Univ., Ahvaz, Khouzestan, Iran. Shahid Chamran Univ., Ahvaz, Khouzestan, Iran. An outdoor pot experiment was carried out in sand+ coco-peat culture (80:20 ratio) to investigate the response of nitrate reductase activity and nitrate accumulation in roots and leaves of fifteen Iranian landraces of spinach (Spinacia oleracea) at different stages of plant development. Plants were tested during a three periods from 22, 30 and 38 days after emergence of first true leaves and before flowering. Results showed that the highest activity of nitrate reductase (51.29 µM NO-2. g-1.h-1) was found in the leaves of ‘Tabriz’ at the first vegetative stage and in roots of ‘Qazvin’, ‘Saleh Abad-e- Qom’ and ‘Qom’ plants at the third vegetative stage(20.71, 15.27, 15.34 µM NO-2. g-1.h-1, respectively). Lowest activity of nitrate reductase in leaves were found in plants of ‘shiraz’ in third vegetative stage(1.56 µM NO-2. g-1.h-1). Nitrate reductase activity were significantly lower in roots of ‘Birjand’ in first vegetative stage compared to other land races (3.85 µM NO-2. g-1.h-1). Leaves of ‘Qazvin’ have the highest nitrate content at the third vegetative stage(7122 µM NO-3. g-1 dry weight). Nitrate accumulation in leaves of ‘Arak-1’ were found lower than other land races in second vegetative stage (2961 µM NO-2. g-1.h-1). Nitrate content in roots of ‘Varamin-1’ were higher in 2 th vegetative stage(3741 µM NO-2. g-1.h-1). Significant differences in the nitrate reductase activity and nitrate accumulation were observed in selected Iranian land race of spinach. As, the nitrate levels in spinach should be kept as low as possible while near maximum yields are maintained, this can be accomplished by planting selected land races of spinach that are selected based on nitrate reductase activity and nitrate content analyses. http://jcpp.iut.ac.ir/article-1-2001-en.pdf Enzyme Growth Nitrogen Spinach (Spinacia oleracea L.) per Journal of Crop Production and Processing 2251-8517 2251-8525 2013-12 3 10 37 48 article G. Ahmadi 1 M. Majidian ma_majidian@guilan.ac.ir 2 GH. Mohsenabadi 3 A. Fuman 4 A. Aalami 5 College of Agric., Sci., Univ. Gulian, Rasht, Iran. College of Agric., Sci., Univ. Gulian, Rasht, Iran. College of Agric., Sci., Univ. Gulian, Rasht, Iran. Seed and Plant Improv. Instit., Karaj, Iran. College of Agric., Sci., Univ. Gulian, Rasht, Iran. In order to investigate effect of nitrogen fertilizer on yield and quality of three forage sorghum cultivars under Guilan climatological conditions a field study was conducted in 2010 cropping season at Rasht. A randomized complete block design with factorial arrangement with three replications was used. Treatment consisted of four levels of nitrogen fertilizer (0, 50, 100 and 150 kg N ha-1 from urea source) along with three sorghum cultivars (Pagha, Esphidfid, KSF2). Plant characteristics measured were forage yield of dry and forage yield, Stem dry weight, leaf dry weight, Plant height, stem diameter, Crude protein, Dry matter digestibility, Total ash and Acid detergent fiber were calculated. The result showed that nitrogen fertilizer had significant effects on forage yield and quality traits also cultivars had significant effects on forage yield, protein percentage, total dry matter, and Acid detergent fiber (ADF). Maximum forage yield (dry and fresh weight) in sorghum was obtained with 150 kg N ha-1 and KSF2 cultivar. Based on the results obtained from this study in order to increasing forage yield, dry matter percentage and minimum ADF was obtained in KSF2 cultivar should be applied with 100 kg N ha-1 in condition Rasht reign and If our objective is forage quality, was suggested Pagha cultivar with 150 kg N ha-1 in Rasht reign conditions. http://jcpp.iut.ac.ir/article-1-2002-en.pdf Dry matter percentage Forage sorghum Nitrogen Protein Yield. per Journal of Crop Production and Processing 2251-8517 2251-8525 2013-12 3 10 49 67 article R. Seyed Sharifi raouf_ssharifi@Yahoo.com 1 A. R. Nemati 2 College of Agric., Univ. of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran College of Agric., Univ. of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran In order to investigate the effects of rates and nitrogen fertilizer application timing on yield and some growth physiological indices of corn ( Zea mays L.), an experiment was conducted as split plot based on randomized complete block design with three replications at the Research Farm of University of Mohaghegh Ardabili during 2009 cropping season. Nitrogen fertilizer levels were arranged in main plot with four levels including: 0, 75, 150 and 225 Kg N.ha-1 and nitrogen application timing in sub plots by three levels including : (1/3 in planting + 1/3 in 8-10 leaf stages + 1/3 in tasseling initation), (½ planting + ½ in tasseling initiation) and (½ in planting+¼ in 8-10 leaf stages + ¼ in tasseling initation). Investigation of dry matter accumulation indicated that in all of treatment combinations, it increased slowly until 300-400 growth degree days after sowing and then increased rapidly till 850-900 growth degree days. From 900 growth degree days till harvest time, it decreased due to increasing aging of leaves and decreasing of leaf area index. Maximum of dry matter accumulation was observed in the plotes which 225 Kg N.ha-1 was applied as 1/3 in planting + 1/3 in 8-10 leaf stages + 1/3 in tasseling initation. Similar results were obtained in crop growth rate and relative crop growth. With increasing rates of nitrogen fertilizer application, leaf area index was significantly increased. The highest leaf area index was belonged to 225 Kg N.ha-1 when was applied as 1/3 in planting + 1/3 in 8-10 leaf stages + 1/3 in tasseling initation with 850-900 growth degree days, while the least value of it was obtained in application of 75 Kg N.ha-1 as ½ planting + ½ in tasseling initiation. Grain yield and yield components were significantly affected by rate, nitrogen application timing and interaction of rates × nitrogen application timing. The highest grain yield (7928.6 Kg.ha-1) resulted from treatment combination of 225 Kg N.ha-1 as 1/3 in planting + 1/3 in 8-10 leaf stages + 1/3 in tasseling initation. Thus, it could be suggested that in order to increasing the grain yield and the other growth indices such as dry matter accumulation and crop growth rate should be applied 225 Kg N.ha-1 as 1/3 in planting + 1/3 in 8-10 leaf stages + 1/3 in tasseling initation in Ardabil climaste conditions. http://jcpp.iut.ac.ir/article-1-2003-en.pdf Corn Nitrogen Growth physiological indices Yield. per Journal of Crop Production and Processing 2251-8517 2251-8525 2013-12 3 10 69 77 article O. Dehshiri 1 H. Paknyat hassanpakniyat@gmail.com 2 College of Agric., Shiraz Univ., Shiraz, Iran. College of Agric., Shiraz Univ., Shiraz, Iran. As other crops, oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.) is severely affected under drought conditions. The mechanisms which reduce damages caused by oxidative stress have important roles in resistance of plants to drought stress and antioxidant enzymes have primed importance in this regards. In this factorial experiment 9 oilseed rape genotypes were compared under 3 stress levels (FC, 75%FC, 50%FC) in greenhouse of Agricultural College at Shiraz University. Under drought stress treatments, the activities of Superoxid Dismutase, Peroxidase, Ascorbic Peroxidase, Chlorophyll ،Cartenoid were increased. Drought stress increased the chlorophyll content of genotypes and it seems this increased in drought conditions affects plant leaf area. were increased the intensity of stress effects on The cholorophyll content and antioxidant enzyme activeties of SLM046 and Licord were increased due to increase in drought stress levels and consequently they had higher drought tolerance compared to the other ones. Modena was the most sensitive compared to the other genotypes. http://jcpp.iut.ac.ir/article-1-2004-en.pdf Antioxidant Enzyme Drought stress Genotype Brassica napus L. per Journal of Crop Production and Processing 2251-8517 2251-8525 2013-12 3 10 79 87 article M. Namarvari mnamarvari@yahoo.com 1 G. Fathi 2 A. Bakhshandeh 3 M. H. Gharineh 4 S. Jafari 5 College of Agric., Ramin Agic. & Natur. Resour. Univ., Ahvaz, Iran. College of Agric., Ramin Agic. & Natur. Resour. Univ., Ahvaz, Iran. College of Agric., Ramin Agic. & Natur. Resour. Univ., Ahvaz, Iran. College of Agric., Ramin Agic. & Natur. Resour. Univ., Ahvaz, Iran. College of Agric., Ramin Agic. & Natur. Resour. Univ., Ahvaz, Iran. The aim of this experiment was that study the effect of drought stress and different chemical and organic fertilizers systems on wheat flag leaf chlorophyll. This experiment was conducted as split plot based on completely randomized block design (CRBD) with four replications during 2009-2010 at experimental fields of Ramin university. Irrigation treatments were achived in I1(irrigation droped from anthesis stage to harvesting 55 zadox) and I2 (spike formation to harvesting 65 zadox) and I3 (full irrigation, control treatment), and fertilizers treatment included chemical fertilizer (NPK), manure fertilizer (M), biological fertilizer (B), biological fertilizer + manure fertilizer (MB) at the beginning of plantation. maximum and minimum chlorophyll leaf content were related to I3 and I1, respectively. Also, maximum chlorooyll was related to biological fertilizer mixed with manure (MB) and chemical fertilizers (NPK) and minimum was for biological fertilizer(B), respectively. A positive corelation was observed between grain yield and flag leaf chlorophyll at with high significance. Therefoere, flag leaf chlorophyll is a good trait selection performance under drought stress conditions and different fertilizer systems. . http://jcpp.iut.ac.ir/article-1-2005-en.pdf Biological fertilizer Drought stress Chlorophyll Flag leaf Correlation. per Journal of Crop Production and Processing 2251-8517 2251-8525 2013-12 3 10 89 99 article J. Hamzei j.hamzei@basu.ac.ir 1 N. Ghamari Rahim 2 College of Agric., Bu-Ali Sina Univ., Hamedan, Iran. College of Agric., Bu-Ali Sina Univ., Hamedan, Iran. Reduction of herbicide consumption is one of the goals of modern agriculture. Intercropping is an option to reduce growth and reproductive potential of weeds while maintaining agricultural system productivity. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of bean and maize intercropping on weed control, economical yield of system and land use efficiency. Experiment was done at the Research Station of Bu – Ali Sina University in 2010 growing season. A completely randomized block design with three replications was used. MWI, MWF, MP6, MP12 and MP18 were submitted to the five treatments: no weeding, weeding, and additive intercropping of 6, 12 and 18 plant of bean with pure stand of maize. The effects of experimental treatments were significant (p<0.01) for grain yield of maize (GYM) and total yield of system (TYS). Maximum GYS (803 g m-2) was revealed at MWF treatment, but the highest value of TYS (813 g m-2) without significant difference with MWF treatment, was observed at MP18 treatment. Also, the traits of ear length, number of seed/ear and weed density and biomass were affected significantly by experimental treatments. Since, with increasing bean density inter the maize field, ear length and number of seed/ear increased, but weed density and biomass decreased. The minimum values of weed density and biomass and the highest value of LER (1.05) belonged to the MP18 treatment. Hence, it can be concluded that with adding only 18 bean plant m-2 and without weeding neither economical yield of system nor land use efficiency increased. http://jcpp.iut.ac.ir/article-1-2006-en.pdf Legume Cereal Row intercropping Relative yield Land equivalent ratio. per Journal of Crop Production and Processing 2251-8517 2251-8525 2013-12 3 10 101 111 article A. Mirzakhani mirz51@yahoo.com 1 R. Naderi 2 Flowers and Ornamental Plants Instit. of Iran, Mahallat, Iran. University College of Agric. and Natur. Resour., Tehran Univ., Karaj, Iran. Lilium is a bulbous plant species that requires a period of low temperature for proper growth and flowering. This experiment was conducted for studying the effect of bulb cooling on vegetative and reproductive characteristics and also study of changes of endogenous IAA and ABA levels during bulb vernalization of Lilium LA Hybrid cv. Ceb Dazzle during 2008-2009. In this experiment bulbs were vernalized for 0, 2, 4, 6, 8 and 10 weeks at 5oC. Results showed that bulbs that received no cold treatment, produced no flower. Thus in this cv. Vernalization is essential for flowering. Increases of cold duration was reduced both leaf number and bulb germination time, and increased flower number and plant height. Results also showed that during cold treatment, ABA content of mother scales decreased gradually. On the other hand IAA levels both in mother and daughter scales were increased at the start of cold treatment. Maximum IAA concentration obtained from daughter scales at the end of cold storage. At the flowering stage ABA levels were higher in mother scales than daughter scales. It seems that dormancy factor (es) might be in the mother scales. During vegetative stage ABA levels of scales were at minimum. http://jcpp.iut.ac.ir/article-1-2007-en.pdf Growth regulator Mother scale Daughter scale Lilium HPLC. per Journal of Crop Production and Processing 2251-8517 2251-8525 2013-12 3 10 113 123 article S. Sedaghat saharsedaghat75@gmail.com 1 M. Rahemi 2 B. Baninasab 3 College of Agric., Shiraz Univ., Shiraz, Iran. College of Agric., Shiraz Univ., Shiraz, Iran. College of Agric., Isf. Univ. Technol., Isfahan, Iran. Pistacia vera cv Badami-e-Riz is the most important and popular rootstock in Iran, which tolerate salinity soil and phytophthora fungi but its root is less affected. In addition this rootstock is susceptible to excessive B and water deficient. This rootstock has a taproot rooting system without any lateral root. So this study was conducted to evaluate the effects of various concentrations and application methods of polyamines on root regeneration of transplanted bare-rooted ‘Badami-e-Riz’ pistachio rootstocks.The result showed that spermidine at concentration of 2 mM as foliar application method significantly enhanced root length and root diameter in ‘Badami-e-Riz’. Furthermore, the fresh weight of root was increased by 4 mM spermidine by foliar application and 2 mM spermidine by interaction of root tip cut and root dip method, significantly increased dry weight of root and root number in ‘Badami-e-Riz’. Besides, by the use of these chemicals, the survival percentage of seedlings was maintained in higher value. Results suggested that polyamine application was effective to increase lateral root formation and improved root regeneration. Therefore, it would be useful to help the survival of seedlings following transplanting. http://jcpp.iut.ac.ir/article-1-2008-en.pdf Pistachio Putresine Spermine Spermidine Rooting Seedling Lateral root. per Journal of Crop Production and Processing 2251-8517 2251-8525 2013-12 3 10 125 133 article H. Hatami Malek hatamimaleki@maragheh.ac.ir 1 R. Darvishzadeh 2 College of Agric., Univ. of Maragheh, Maragheh, Iran. Urmia Univ., Urmia, Iran. Production of high sunflower yield is important in sunflower breeding programs. With regards to the importance of estimation of general combining ability (GCA) and specific combining ability (SCA), genetic evaluation of sunflower seed yield was carried out in normal and water stress conditions using biplot analysis of 6×6 diallel design. Parental lines and their progenies were investigated using a randomized complete block design with three replications in each condition in greenhouse. According to the separate analysis of variance, mean squares of genotypes were significant for seed yield in 0.01 probability level in both conditions. The first two principal components explained 77.9% and 82.5% of the variation for seed yield in normal and stress conditions respectively. Therefore, it is possible to extract any information by using graphical method of biplot. Among studied parental lines, LR25 had the positive and the highest general combining ability in both states. RHA266 had positive and the highest specific combining ability in water stress condition and genotype LR4 had the negative and the highest specific combing ability in normal condition. Considering the polygon graphs of biplot, cross LR25 × LR4 in normal condition and crosses including LR25 × C104, LR55 × RHA266 and C100 × RHA266 in water stress condition, depicted high level of heterosis for sunflower yield. Results revealed that genotype C104 is suitable tester for recognition of general combining ability of studied genotypes. http://jcpp.iut.ac.ir/article-1-2009-en.pdf Sunflower Diallel Biplot General combining ability Specific combining ability Heterosis. per Journal of Crop Production and Processing 2251-8517 2251-8525 2013-12 3 10 135 144 article L. Nazmi leilanazmi2011@yahoo.com 1 H. Naderi 2 College of Agric., Aremenian Nation. Agrarian Univ., Yerevan, Armenia. College of Soc. Sci., Tabriz Univ., Tabriz, Iran. The present study was conducted in Mollaahmad watershed of Ardabil city in 1390 to evaluate the canonical correlation between tillage erosion [slope gradient and position], and grain yield and barley yield components (Sahand cultivar) in order to determine the covariability between the two sets of variables to (1) detect simultaneously occurring patterns in the interdependencies sets of canonical variables, and (2) to prepare the possibility of canonical correlation coefficient use in a predictive mode for the variation of barely yield. For this purpose plant sampling was done from dry farming land of three landscapes and from four slope positions. The findings of canonical correlation analysis indicated that there are optimal linear combinations between sets of canonical variables of slope gradient and position and barely yield components that the amount of this correlation is identified by 77 percent. According to this correlation, when the slope gradient increases with 28 percent and slope position changes from down to up slope with 96 percent, the dry matter by 8 percent, spike number by 1.1 percent and grain yield by 22 percent will decrease, and the spike weight by 2.12 percent and 1000 grain weight by 14 percent will increase that spike weight and slope position had the largest role in the forming of first canonical correlation coefficient compared to other canonical variants. Using this test, which distinguishes the importance and the role of soil erosion variants in barley yield, high prediction of spike weight by slope position is clear also slope position as a part of soil erosion indices has no similar worth toward slope gradient and the differences are dramatic. Whereas, slope position effect on crop yield is evaluated differently from slope gradient. genotypes. http://jcpp.iut.ac.ir/article-1-2010-en.pdf Soil productivity Canonical correlation coefficient Tillage erosion Canonical variables. per Journal of Crop Production and Processing 2251-8517 2251-8525 2013-12 3 10 145 155 article Y. Emam yaemam@gmail.com 1 K. Maghsoudi 2 N. Moghimi 3 College of Agric., Shiraz Univ., Shiraz, Iran. College of Agric., Shiraz Univ., Shiraz, Iran. College of Agric., Shiraz Univ., Shiraz, Iran. In order to evaluate the effect of water stress and nitrogen levels on yield and some agronomic traits of two forage sorghum cultivars, a field experiment was conducted at the Faculty of Agriculture, Shiraz University, during Spring and Summer 2011. The experiment carried out as split-split plot based on randomized complete block design, with 3 replications. Water stress levels of 100, 75 and 50 percent of FC was considered as main plots, nitrogen levels of 150, 300 and 450 kg urea per hectare as sub plots, and the forage cultivars of Pagah and KFS2 as sub-sub plots. Results showed that drought stress reduced plant height, leaf erea index, plant fresh weight, and leaf and stem dry weight as well as forage yield significantly and the reduction was greater at higher levels of drought stress. Conversely, nitrogen fertilizer application enhanced these all traits. Two sorghum cultivars showed significant differences in morphological characters as well as forage yield. Pegah cultivar was found superior as far as plant height, fresh weight, stem dry weight and forage yield were concerned. Leaf area index and dry weight were higher in KFS2 cultivar. The results indicated that, overall, Pegah cultivar and the nitrogen level of 300 kilogram urea per hectare and irrigation regime of 100% FC resulted to the highest yield and could be recommended as the best treatment for Badjgah and similar agroclimatic conditions in Fars province. http://jcpp.iut.ac.ir/article-1-2011-en.pdf Forage yield Leaf erea index Pagah KFS2. per Journal of Crop Production and Processing 2251-8517 2251-8525 2013-12 3 10 157 164 article S. J. Sajadi javad.sajadi@ghec.ac.ir 1 H. Sabouri 2 College of Agric. and Natur. Resour., Gonbad Kavoos Univ., Golestan, Iran. College of Agric. and Natur. Resour., Gonbad Kavoos Univ., Golestan, Iran. Crop yield prediction has an important role in agricultural policies such as specification of the crop price. Crop yield prediction researches have been based on regression analysis. In this research canola yield was predicted using Artificial Neural Networks (ANN) using 11 crop year climate data (1998-2009) in Gonbad-e-Kavoos region of Golestan province. ANN inputs were mean weekly rainfall, mean weekly temperature, mean weekly relative humidity and mean weekly sun shine hours and ANN output was canola yield (kg/ha). Multi-Layer Perceptron networks (MLP) with Levenberg-Marquardt backpropagation learning algorithm was used for crop yield prediction and Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) and square of the Correlation Coefficient (R2) criterions were used to evaluate the performance of the ANN. The obtained results show that the 13-20-1 network has the lowest RMSE equal to 101.235 and maximum value of R2 equal to 0.997 and is suitable for predicting canola yield with climate factors. http://jcpp.iut.ac.ir/article-1-2012-en.pdf Canola Artificial neural networks Yield. per Journal of Crop Production and Processing 2251-8517 2251-8525 2013-12 3 10 165 180 article H. Balouchi balouchi@mail.yu.ac.ir 1 College of Agric., Yasouj Univ., Yasouj, Iran. In order to investigate the Cucurbit seed germination and seedling vigor improvement affected by different salinities in Yasouj University in 2011. A factorial experiment was conducted in base of complete randomized design. The first factor was osmopriming by KNO3 and KH2PO4 (1 & 3%) and (-5 & -10 bar) and hydro priming by distilled water and control with out priming. The second was five levels of salinities (0, 50, 100,150 and 200 mM NaCl). Data variance analysis of this research showed that the interaction between priming and salinity stress had more significant effect on all seed germination traits, seedling growth and some physiological characteristics. Results showed that Cucurbit was not saline sensitive in germination stage. Furthermore Cucurbit seed priming by PEG (-5 bar) in saline stress improved shoot dry weight. Osmopriming by PEG (-5 bar) and hydro priming increased total chlorophyll in 150 mM NaCl rather than control significantly. Generally, we could recommend PEG (-5 bar), KNO3 (1%) and hydro priming on Cucurbit for good germination and seedling growth of in saline conditions among the priming types that studied in this research. http://jcpp.iut.ac.ir/article-1-2013-en.pdf Medical plants Osmosis stress Osmopriming Hydro priming Chlorophyll. per Journal of Crop Production and Processing 2251-8517 2251-8525 2013-12 3 10 181 191 article A. Keshavarz Nejad Ghadikolaei 1 S. A. Kazemeini kazemein@shirazu.ac.ir 2 M. J. Bahrani 3 College of Agric., Shiraz Univ., Shiraz, Iran. College of Agric., Shiraz Univ., Shiraz, Iran. College of Agric., Shiraz Univ., Shiraz, Iran. In order to evaluate the effect of different rates of nitrogen (N) and corn, rapeseed, sunflower and wheat residues on plant height, biological and grain yield and N use efficiency of wheat, an experiment was conductedduring 2010-2011 at Agricultural College of Shiraz University. The experimental design was split-split plot based on RCBD with four replications. Treatments were N (45, 90, 135 and 180 kg ha-1) as main factor, type of plant residues (no residues, corn, rapeseed, sunflower and wheat) as sub factor and rates of crop residues (25 and %50) as sub-sub factor. Results indicated that rates of N, types and rates of crop residues had significant effects on plant height, yield components, biological and grain yields, and N use efficiency. The highest yield components, grain yield and N use efficiency were achieved by 180 and 45 kg ha-1 N, respectively. Increasing the rate of residues from 25 to %50, decreased all of traits except plant height and spikes per m2. The highest grain yield was obtained from no residues treatment. Wheat grain yield significantly decreased with residues incorporation and this reduction was lowest with sunflower residues. http://jcpp.iut.ac.ir/article-1-2014-en.pdf Plant residues Yield components Grain yield Wheat Nitrogen use efficiency. per Journal of Crop Production and Processing 2251-8517 2251-8525 2013-12 3 10 193 204 article F. Ghanbari 1 M. Sayyari m.sayyari@basu.ac.ir 2 M. Saidi 3 A. Amirinejad 4 College of Agric., Ilam Univ., Ilam, Iran. College of Agric., Bu-Ali Sina Univ., Hamedan, Iran. College of Agric., Ilam Univ., Ilam, Iran. College of Agric., Ilam Univ., Ilam, Iran. Drought stress is a major constraint for crop production in arid and semiarid regions, such as Iran. In this study the effect of 5-aminolevolinic acid (ALA), the new plant growth regulator, on Coriander (Corianderum sativum L.) plants under drought stress was studied. The layout was factorial experiment in randomized complete block design (RCBD) with 3 levels of drought stress including stress-free conditions (irrigation within the field capacity), mild stress (humidity of soil about 60% of field capacity) and severe stress (humidity of soil about 30% of field capacity) and 4 concentrations of ALA (including 0 (as a control), 0.25, 0.5 and 1 mM) as main factors and 4 replication. The experiment was conducted in the greenhouse of agricultural faculty of Ilam University. Statistical analysis showed significant effects of the drought and ALA on plant growth parameters, chlorophyll index and antioxidant activity. Result showed that drought stress imposed negative effects on plant growth and productivity. In drought conditions, plant height, leaf area, plant and leaf dry and fresh weight and chlorophyll index reduced but antioxidant activity increased. ALA application significantly caused increasing of plant height, leaf area, plant and leaf dry and fresh weight, chlorophyll index and antioxidant activity. ALA treatment with increasing of chlorophyll and antioxidant activity decreased adverse effects of drought stress on coriander plants. These results suggest that ALA has plant growth regulating properties at low concentrations and may enhance agriculture productivity under drought condition. http://jcpp.iut.ac.ir/article-1-2015-en.pdf Medicinal plants Drought Chlorophyll Antioxidant activity. per Journal of Crop Production and Processing 2251-8517 2251-8525 2013-12 3 10 205 215 article B. Golein bgoleincitrus@yahoo.com 1 B. Adouli 2 F. Rafat 3 M. and M. Golmohammadi 4 Dept. of Plant Breed. and Improv., Iran Citrus Res. Instit., Ramsar, Iran. Dept. of Plant Breed. and Improv., Iran Citrus Res. Instit., Ramsar, Iran. Dept. of Plant Breed. and Improv., Iran Citrus Res. Instit., Ramsar, Iran. Dept. of Plant Breed. and Improv., Iran Citrus Res. Instit., Ramsar, Iran. Simple sequence repeats (SSR) polymorphism in citrus including male sterile, sterile, low fertile and fertile was examined by analyzing 28 representative accessions sampled from north of Iran. Fifty four polymorphic alleles with an average of 4.2 alleles per primer were detected from eight pairs of used primers. The lowest number of alleles was observed in TAA27, CTT01, CCSM18 and ATC09 loci with only three alleles and the highest number of alleles was observed in TAA15 locus with eight alleles. Polymorphic information content (PIC) values changed from 0.34 (AG14) to 0.90 (CCSM18). Genetic similarities among accessions were calculated according to Jaccard Similarity Index and used to construct a dendrogram based on the unweighted pair group method using arithmetic averages (UPGMA) which put the 28 samples into four major groups (A, B, C and D). The cultivars of male sterile Satsuma mandarin were clustered into group A those of orange, grapefruit and Page (a complex hybrid) into group B mandarin cultivars into group C and lemon Lisbon into group D. http://jcpp.iut.ac.ir/article-1-2016-en.pdf Genetic diversity Citrus Molecular marker Male sterile. per Journal of Crop Production and Processing 2251-8517 2251-8525 2013-12 3 10 217 231 article N. Assadi Nassab nafisehasadi@gmail.com 1 P. Hassibi 2 H. Roshanfekr 3 M. Meskarbashee 4 College of Agric., Shahid Chamran Univ.of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran. College of Agric., Shahid Chamran Univ.of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran. College of Agric., Shahid Chamran Univ.of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran. College of Agric., Shahid Chamran Univ.of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran. This experiment was performed to study osmoregulators in sugar beet under salinity stress, and determine the best method for screening of tolerant and susceptible cultivars, in the greenhouse of Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz during 2009-2010 growing season. Three sugar beet cultivars (BR1, Jolgeh & Rassoul) were grown under three salinity levels including control (Zero), 100 and 200 mM NaCl using factorial experiment based on randomized complete block design with three replicates. The results showed that by increasing salinity, root and shoot dry weight and leaf area decreased significantly (P≤0.01). As salinity increased, leaf relative water content (RWC) and potassium amount decreased. While characters such as relative membrane permeability (RMP), sodium content, proline, and total soluble sugar increased in leaves of all three cultivars. Evaluation of tolerance and susceptibility of cultivars based on stress susceptibility index (SSI) showed that, in 200 mM sodium chloride treatment, cultivars Rassoul, BR1 and Jolgeh were tolerant, semi-tolerant, and susceptible, respectively. With regard to results the correlation of traits showed that, root dry weight had highest correlation with SSI under salinity stress conditions, so root dry weight could be used as an appropriate criterion for selection of tolerant cultivars at seedling stage. http://jcpp.iut.ac.ir/article-1-2017-en.pdf Proline Sugar beet Relative water content Ratio of potassium to sodium Relative membrane permeability per Journal of Crop Production and Processing 2251-8517 2251-8525 2013-12 3 10 233 243 article R. Aminzadeh 1 , F. Amini f-amini@araku.ac.ir 2 A. A. Ramin 3 M. Mobli 4 College of Agric., Isf. Univ. Technol., Isfahan, Iran. College of Sci., Arak Univ., Arak, Iran. College of Agric., Isf. Univ. Technol., Isfahan, Iran. College of Agric., Isf. Univ. Technol., Isfahan, Iran. The button mushroom is rich food full of nutrient but compared with other fruits and vegetables, mushroom has a higher respiration rate and due to the lack of protective layer to prevent water loss, decay occurs quickly. It seems that suitable coating film is the one way for increase the storage life of mushroom. Therefore present research was carried out as split plot design in farme of CRD to find the best coating film in order to increase the storage life. In this research, the treatments were: control (package with Selefon), Poly Ethylene (PE) with 40 and 65 micron thickness, Biaxially Oriented Polypropylene (BOPP) with 25, 35 and 40 micron thickness, Cast PolyPropylen (CPP) with 25 and 40 micron thickness, Poly Ester (PET) with 12 and 24 micron thickness and Poly Vinyl Chloride (PVC) with 30 micron thickness. The samples were estimated after 0, 10, 15, 20 and 25 days storage at 1°C and 90 % RH in 3 replications. The results showed that the types of plastic coating had significant effects on all measured characteristics as campared to that of control. Highest firmness value, Soluble Solid Content (SSC), titratable acidity, acidity (pH), and lowest weight less and decay were observed in packet mushroom with the coating film: BOPP and CPP and the lowest amounts were observed in the mushroom packed with control, PVC, PET and PE films. The effects of time on all of the measured during the storage period, were significant too. http://jcpp.iut.ac.ir/article-1-2018-en.pdf Agaricus bisporus Coating film Fimness Postharvest life Weight less. per Journal of Crop Production and Processing 2251-8517 2251-8525 2013-12 3 10 245 255 article M. Askary m-askary@araku.ac.ir 1 F. Amini 2 F. Jamali 3 College of Sci., Arak Univ., Arak, Iran. College of Sci., Arak Univ., Arak, Iran. College of Sci., Arak Univ., Arak, Iran. In this study, effects of salinity and Zinc sulphate application on growth parameters, nutrient uptake and antioxidant enzyme activity of Tomato (Lycopersicum esculentum) in a factorial experiment in completely randomized design with three replications were evaluated. Factors consisted of four salinity levels (0, 45, 90 and 120 mM NaCl) and three Zinc sulphate levels (0, 5, and 10 μM). Results showed that salinity decreased fresh and dry weight of plants, Zn and K contents whereas increased the Na content and antioxidant activity by increasing NaCl level. Also, results showed that ZnSO4 had positive effect on growth parameters, Zn and K concentration and antioxidant activity but reduced Na and P concentration. Zinc treatment especially at 10 μM concentration in tomato under salt conditions increased growth indexes, potassium concentration, percent of Inhibition of 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radical, catalase and superoxide dismutase activity and decreased sodium and phosphorus concentrations. The highest fresh and dry weight of plants and potassium uptake were measured in plants without salt stress with application of 10 μM ZnSO4 and the lowest on these indicator in plants under 120 mM NaCl without ZnSO4 application. Thus, it was concluded that Zinc could be improve performance and yield in tomato plants under salt stress conditions. http://jcpp.iut.ac.ir/article-1-2019-en.pdf Catalase Phosphorus Potassium Sodium Superoxide dismutase.