Isfahan University of Technology - Journal of Crop Production and Processing
2251-8517
5
17
2015
12
1
Evaluation of Different Rice Genotypes Tolerance to Saline Irrigation Water
1
13
FA
S.
Jafari Rad
University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran.
M.
Zavareh
University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran.
M. R.
Khaledian
University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran.
M.
Rezaei4
University of Sari, Iran.
To study the responses of seven rice genotypes (Khazar, SA13, Deylam, Sange Joe, Sepidrud, 831 and T5) to different levels of irrigation water salinity, and determining grain yield based on tolerance indices, a CRD based factorial pot experiment with five levels of irrigation water salinity (1, 2, 4, 6 and 8 dSm-1) and three replications was carried out at Rice Research Institute of Iran in 2011. Indices such as SSI, TOL, MP, GMP, HM, STI, YI and YSI were calculated and their correlations with grain yield were estimated for both stress and non-stress conditions. Results indicated significant differences among genotypes and the indices within both conditions. Results also showed that STI and MP indices could be considered as the best indices to screen salt tolerant genotypes. Among the genotypes used in the experiment, T5 produced the highest yield in both non-stress (19.71 g/plant) and stress (10.69 g/plant) conditions, while the lowest yield in normal (11.84 g/plant) and stressful (4.29 g/plant) conditions was recorded for Deylam and Khazar, respectively. The highest and the lowest percentage of yield reduction were found in Khazar (69.49%) and Sange Joe (31.48%) in stressful conditions, respectively. Overall, genotypes T5, 831, Sepidrud and Sange Joe can probably be considered as superior high yielding genotypes in both saline and non-saline conditions for further research.
Isfahan University of Technology - Journal of Crop Production and Processing
2251-8517
5
17
2015
12
1
Growth and Photosynthesis of Two Cultivars of Grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.) in Response to Salicylic Acid Application under Salinity
15
29
FA
J.
Amir
Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran.
S.
Eshghi
Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran.
E. l.
Tafazoli
Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran.
N.
Abbaspour
Urmia University, Urmia, Iran.
کاهش اثرات منفی تنش شوری با استفاده از برخی مواد تنظیم کننده رشد گیاهی در گیاهان مختلف گزارش شده است. پژوهش حاضر بهمنظور بررسی اثرات اسید سالیسیلیک بر ویژگیهای رشدی، میزان رنگدانههای فتوسنتزی و بازده فتوسنتز دو رقم انگور قرهشانی و تامپسونسیدلس در شرایط تنش ناشی از مقادیر مختلف کلرید سدیم انجام شد. قلمههای ریشهدار شده هر دو رقم با 5 سطح شوری (شوری در محلول غذایی) صفر (شاهد)، 25، 50، 75 و 100 میلیمولار کلرید سدیم و 4 سطح اسید سالیسیلیک (محلولپاشی برگسارهای) صفر (شاهد)، 100، 200 و 300 میلیگرم در لیتر تیمار شدند. نتایج نشان داد که بالاترین غلظت شوری (100 میلیمولار) همه پارامترهای رشدی و سرعت فتوسنتز خالص را کاهش داد. رقم قرهشانی در مقایسه با رقم تامپسونسیدلس، از میزان کلروفیل کل بالاتری برخوردار بود. میزان فتوسنتز خالص و هدایت روزنهای در پاسخ به شوری در هر دو رقم کاهش یافت و در رقم تامپسونسیدلس میزان کاهش بیشتر از رقم قرهشانی بود. میزان فتوسنتز خالص در بیشترین سطح شوری، بدون کاربرد اسید سالیسیلیک در مقایسه با تیمار شاهد در ارقام قرهشانی و تامپسون سیدلس بهترتیب در حدود 2 و 4 برابر کاهش یافت، اما با کاربرد 300 میلیگرم در لیتر اسید سالیسیلیک در سطح شوری 100 میلیمولار، میزان فتوسنتز خالص در مقایسه با تیمار شاهد در ارقام قرهشانی و تامپسون سیدلس بهترتیب حدود 2 و 5/2 برابر کاهش یافت. یافتههای این پژوهش، پیشنهاد مینماید که تأثیر اسید سالیسیلیک (غلظت 200 میلیگرم در لیتر) در شرایط شوری بر رشد و فتوسنتز هر دو رقم بهویژه قرهشانی، مثبت بوده واین ترکیب میتواند بهعنوان یک تنظیم کننده رشد، باعث افزایش مقاومت گیاه به شوری گردد.
Isfahan University of Technology - Journal of Crop Production and Processing
2251-8517
5
17
2015
12
1
Optimization of Use of Nitrogen for Growth and Yield of Canola and Pea Intercropping
31
42
FA
S.
Baharlouie
Shahrekord University. Shahrekord, Iran.
S.
Fallah
Shahrekord University. Shahrekord, Iran.
In order to investigate the effects of deficit nitrogen application on growth and yield in sole cropping and intercropping of canola and pea, a factorial experiment was conducted as randomized complete block design with three replications at Shahrekord University Research Farm, Sharekord, Iran during 2011- 2012 growing season. Five planting ratios (100% canola 66% canola + 33% pea, 50% canola + 50% pea 33% canola + 66% pea 100% pea) were evaluated as the first factor and three levels of nitrogen (100%, 75% and 50% N requirement of canola and pea) as the second factor. Results showed that intercropping in comparison to sole cropping led to increase in the plant height of pea (23.64%) but it decreased canola plant height (7.32%). Total dry matter of canola and pea increased in intercropping treatments (38.56 and 6.15 %, respectively) compared to sole cropping. In canola sole cropping, seed yield increased (21.9%) with increase in nitrogen application, however in intercropping the greatest seed yield was observed in 75% plant nitrogen requirement. The crop yield in intercropping treatments with application of 50 and 75% plant nitrogen requirement was higher than sole cropping of either crop, but crop yield in pea – canola 66-33% and 50- 50% with 100% plant nitrogen requirement was decreased compared to their sole cropping. In conclusion, intercropping of 33% canola + 66% pea and/or 50% canola + 50% pea, in addition to potentiating an acceptable grain yield for both crops, it can conserve the environment with reducing of nitrogen fertilizer application.
Isfahan University of Technology - Journal of Crop Production and Processing
2251-8517
5
17
2015
12
1
Evaluation of Degradation Kinetic of Tomato Paste Color in Heat Processing and Modeling of These Changes by Response Surface Methodology
43
57
FA
M.
Ganjeh
Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran.
S. M.
Jafari
, University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran - Cereals Health Research Center, Golestan University of Medical Science, Gorgan, Iran.
S.
Ghaderi
, Ferdosi University, Mashhad, Iran.
Color is an important qualitative factor in tomato products such as tomato paste which is affected by heat processing. The main goal of this study was to evaluate the degradation kinetics of tomato paste color during heat processing by Arrhenius equation and modeling of these changes by response surface methodology (RSM). Considering this purpose, tomato paste was processed at three temperatures of 60, 70 and 80 °C for 25-100 minutes and by three main color indices including L, a and b, a/b ratio, total color difference (TCD), Saturation index (SI) and hue angle (HU) was analyzed. Degradation kinetics of these parameters was evaluated by Arrhenius equation and their changing trends were modeled by RSM. All parameters except TCA (zero order) followed a first order reaction. The b index by highest and TCA and a/b by least activation energies had the maximum and minimum sensitivity to the temperature changes, respectively. Also, TCD and b had the maximum and minimum changing rates, respectively. All responses were influenced by independent parameters (the influence of temperature was more than time) and RSM was capable of modeling and predicting these responses. In general, Arrhenius equation was appropriate to evaluate degradation kinetics of tomato paste color changes and RSM was able to estimate independent and interaction effects of time and temperature so that quadratic models were capable to predict these changes by a high accuracy (R2 > 0.95).
Isfahan University of Technology - Journal of Crop Production and Processing
2251-8517
5
17
2015
12
1
Effect of Trinexapac-Ethyl on Physiological and Morphological Characteristics of Tall Fescue Var Rebel under Irrigation Free Conditions
59
70
FA
M. H.
Sheikh Mohamadi
Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan, Iran.
N.
Etemadi
Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan, Iran.
A.
Nikbakht
Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan, Iran.
Drought Stress is one of the most important limiting factors in plants growth and development. Growth regulator, Trinexapac-ethyl, might improve drought stress resistance via reducing stem growth and improving osmotic adjustments. In present study Trinexapac-ethyl effect on some tall fescue var Rebel physiological and morphological traits under irrigation free conditions was studied. So, an experiment was carried out as factorial in completely randomized design in three replicates in Research Farm of Isfahan University of Technology in 2011 - 2012. Treatments involved three growth regulator levels of Trinexapac-ethyl (0, 250 and 500 g.h-1) and two drought stresse levels (normal irrigation and without irrigation). Leaf growth rate, leaf tissue, leaf color, relative water content, electrolyte leakage, proline level, above ground fresh and dry weight, root penetration and effective depth were measured. Results showed that Trinexapac-ethyl and drought stress reduced growth rate, above ground organs fresh and dry weight. Concentrations of 250 and 500 g/ha Trinexapac-ethyl decreased plant height by 19.48 and 22.24 percent respectively. Unlike drought stress, concentrations of 250 and 500 g/h Trinexapac-ethyl increased tissues color by 11.62 and 13.08 percent respectively. Also, relative water content and electrolyte leakage increased and decreased respectively but proline content of the Trinexapac-ethyl treated plants was not affected significantly. Drought stress reduced relative water content significantly and increased electrolyte leakage and proline content. Application of Trinexapac-ethyl did not significantly affect root traits but it increased penetration and effective depth under stress condition. Levels of 250 and 500 g.ha-1 Trinexapac-ethyl showed significant differences in relative water content and no significant differences in other characteristics. It was found that tall fescue var Rebel is drought resistant and Trinexapac-ethyl can be used to induce drought stress resistance.
Isfahan University of Technology - Journal of Crop Production and Processing
2251-8517
5
17
2015
12
1
Evaluation of the Effect of Different Doses of Fast Electron Irradiation on the Flavoring Compounds and Storage Life of Pink Garlic (Allium sativum L.)
71
83
FA
F.
Bayat
Hamedan Agricultural and Natural Resources
Irradiation process could increase shelf life of garlic during storage. For determination of the optimum dose of irradiation, Garlic bulbs of Mazand variety were irradiated 30 days after harvest with 0, 25, 50, 75, 100 and 150 Gy dose of fast electrons. During the 8 months of storage at cold and uncontrolled conditions some properties were measured bi-monthly. Results showed that in both conditions the contents of enzymatic pyruvate, non enzymatic pyruvate, weight loss and color changes increased and the firmness decreased. In cold storage, at the presence of 50 and 75 Gy doses, the least destruction of flavoring compounds was seen but in uncontrolled storage irradiation had no significant effect on enzymatic pyruvate. At cold storage 50 and 75 Gy and at uncontrolled storage 75 and 100 Gy doses led to the least color changes. At the end of storage, firmness of irradiated treatments had no significant difference. Non irradiated treatment showed the most values of firmness. Weight loss under non irradiated treatment and 25 Gy dose was more than the weight loss under other doses and 100 and 150 Gy doses showed the least weight losses. Sprouting was only observed in non irradiated cloves and irradiated ones showed no symptoms of internal sprouting. Consequently, for garlic bulbs at cold storage, 50 Gy and for uncontrolled storage, 75 Gy was found to be the optimum dose of irradiation.
Isfahan University of Technology - Journal of Crop Production and Processing
2251-8517
5
17
2015
12
1
The Effect of Plant Growth Regulators on Shoot Proliferation and Rooting of Crataegus Pseudohetrophylla Pojark. Via in Vitro Culture
85
95
FA
F.
Ahmadloo
Tarbiat Modares University,
M.
Tabari Kouchaksaraei
Tarbiat Modares University,
P.
Azadi
Agricultural Biotechnology Research institute of Iran, Karaj, Iran.
A.
Hamidi
Seed and Plant Certification and Registration Institute of Iran, Karaj, Iran.
E.
Beiramizadeh
Department of Biotechnology, National Research Center of Ornamental Plants, Mahallat,
Crataegus is a tree species from Rosaceae family with medicinal, ornamental and commercial utilizations. Effect of different concentrations of plant growth regulators on shoot proliferation of Crataegus pseudohetrophylla Pojark. via in vitro culture was studied using single node explants. The grown shoots were transferred to MS medium supplemented with different concentrations of cytokinins (BAP, KIN, 2iP and Zt) in combination with NAA in 30 treatments, with 3 replications and each replication included 5 explants. Data were recorded after 3 subcultures. For rooting, basal end of shoots were dipped into 300mg/l of IBA at different durations (0, 5, 10, 20, 30, 40, 50 and 60 minutes), then the dipped shoots were cultured on hormone free 1/2 VS medium. The results of analysis of variance showed that there were significant differences in all of the traits. Results indicated that the highest number of shoots (39.33) was obtained on medium containing 8 mg / l BAP plus 2 mg / l NAA. The highest shoot length (4.67 cm) and leaf size (3.73 cm) was achieved on 7 mg / l BAP plus 2 mg / l NAA and 2 mg / l Zt plus 1 mg / l NAA, respectively. The highest rate of rooting (33.33%) and root number (4n) were induced on shoots dipped for 40 minutes in 300 mg / l IBA.
Isfahan University of Technology - Journal of Crop Production and Processing
2251-8517
5
17
2015
12
1
Effect of Different Nitrogen Levels on Current Rate of Photosynthesis and Dry Matter Remobilization inTwo Cultivars of Rapeseed (Brassica napus L.)
97
109
FA
P.
Tousi
Urmia University, Urmia, Iran.
A.
Atabaki
A. R.
Pirzad
Urmia University, Urmia, Iran.
To study the effect of different amounts of nitrogen fertilizer on dry matter remobilization in two cultivars of rapeseed a factorial experiment was conducted in complete randomized block design with three replications in the 2010-2012 years in Rasht, Iran. The experimental factors were two cultivars of rapeseed (Sarigol and Hayola308) and nitrogen fertilizer rate (from urea source) at five levels of 0, 50, 100, 150 and 200 kg ha-1 of N as 1/3 at planting 1/3 at stem elongation 1/3 before flowering. The results indicated that in the second year a higher dry matter remobilization (400 g m-2), current photosynthesis (1750 g m-2) and grain and oil yield (2149.8 and 927.2 kg ha-1 respectively) was achieved. Between nitrogen rates, application of 200 kg N ha-1 led to the highest current photosynthesis, dry matter remobilization, grain and oil yield. Hayola308 cultivar with 150 and 200 kg ha-1 of N indicated the highest oil yield (1518 and 1333 kg ha-1, respectively) and dry matter remobilization (531.5 and 492.4 g m-2 respectively). According to the results of the present experiment, it seems that cultivar Hayola308 with application of 150 kg N ha-1 can increase the current rate of photosynthesis, dry matter remobilization and oil yield of rapeseed, due to increase in the photosynthetic surfaces.
Isfahan University of Technology - Journal of Crop Production and Processing
2251-8517
5
17
2015
12
1
Effect of Potassium and Magnesium Application on Grain Yield and Oil Content of Safflower
111
122
FA
A.
Vafaie
University of
A.
Ebadie
University of
GH.
Parmoon
University of
Effect of potassium and magnesium fertilizers on safflower grain yield was studied, using a factorial experiment based on completely randomized block design with three replications at the Agricultural Research Station of University of Mohaghegh Ardabili in 2011. The treatments consisted of potassium fertilizer with three levels (0, 60 and 120 kg ha-1) and magnesium fertilizer (0, 75 and 150 kg ha-1). The results showed that the maximum biomass (8890 kg h-1) was obtained with application of 120 kg K ha-1 and 75 kg ha-1 of magnesium. The highest harvest index (32%) was obtained from with application of 60 kg of potassium fertilizer. The maximum 100 seed weight (5.7 g) was obtained due to the application of the 60 kg potassium plus 75 kg ha-1 of magnesium. Application of 120 kg ha-1 potassium and 150 kg magnesium produced the greatest grain yield (2447.1 kg ha-1). The highest seed oil content was obtained by the application of 60 kg ha-1 potassium. The highest oil yield obtained with application of 120 kg potassium (790 kg ha-1) and 150 kg magnesium (700 kg ha-1) though, it was not significantly different with the oil yield at the presence of 60 and 75 kg ha-1 of potassium and magnesium, respectively. Thus, application of 60 kg ha-1 of potassium and 75 kg ha-1 of magnesium due to lower production costs deems appropriate for safflower production in Ardabil.
Isfahan University of Technology - Journal of Crop Production and Processing
2251-8517
5
17
2015
12
1
Genetic Diversity of Aegilops cylindrica Species from West of Iran Using Morphological and Phenological Traits
123
133
FA
M.
Arabbeigi
Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan, Iran.
A.
Arzani
Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan, Iran.
M. M.
Majidi
Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan, Iran.
F.
Habibi
Islamic Azad University, Miandoab Branch, Iran.
A.
Rakhzadi
Azad University, Sanandaj Branch, Iran.
B. E.
Sayed Tabatabaei
Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan, Iran.
Aegilops cylindrica species (CCDD, 2n = 4x = 28) is one of the wild relatives of wheat and hence known as a valuable source of genes related to biotic and abiotic stress tolerance. In this study genetic variation of 66 Aegilops cylindrica genotypes collected from west and northwestern of Iran was evaluated using quantitative and qualitative morphological traits. The results indicated that glumelle (lemma) length and glume color traits had the highest variation as the quantitative and qualitative traits, respectively. The principal components analysis (PCA) indicated 6 components that first component justified %30.3 total variation. Flag leaf color and fluffiness had the highest contribution in this component and thus the first component named as the flag leaf component. The cluster analysis divided the studied genotypes into three groups. Genotypes originating from west of Iran were included in the first group and genotypes from northwestern Iran were clustered into the second and third groups. It could be concluded that the high genetic variation among genotypes of Ae. cylindrica revealed in this study can be utilized to improve wheat particularly for tolerance to biotic and abiotic stresses.
Isfahan University of Technology - Journal of Crop Production and Processing
2251-8517
5
17
2015
12
1
The Exogenously Applied 5-Aminolevulinic Acid (ALA) Mitigates Salt Stress in Tomato Plants
135
148
FA
F.
Daneshmand
Payame Noor University, Tehran, Iran.
H.
Oloumi
Graduate University of Advanced Technology, Kerman, Iran.
In this research, the effects of 5-aminolevulinic acid, as a key precursor in the biosynthesis of porphyrin compounds such as chlorophyll, in mitigating salt stress were studied in Lycopersicum esculentum mill. Salinity at three levels (0, 50 and 75 mM NaCl) and ALA treatment at three levels (0, 1 and 2 mM) were applied on plants of this species. Both levels of salt (50 and 75 mM) reduced shoot fresh weight (11, 13%), shoot dry weight (15, 20%), shoot length (13, 25%), leaf area (20, 27.5%), chlorophyll (22.5, 49%), protein (12.5, 33.5%) and K+ content (22.5, 55.5%), and increased lipid peroxidation (84, 117%), H2O2 level (60, 100%), proline (61, 110%) and soluble sugars content (8. 18%), and ascorbate (25, 50%) and glutathione pool (29, 43%) and Na+ content (500, 700%) respectively. 5-aminolevulinic acid application in both levels, increased the leaf area, the amount of chlorophyll, protein, proline and soluble sugars, and ascorbate and glutathione pool by reducing the amount of lipid peroxidation, H2O2 level and Na+ content. The K+ content was not affected by ALA application. These results suggested that application of 5-aminolevulinic acid (1 and 2 mM) improved plant growth under normal condition and increased tolerance of tomato plants to salinity stress via increasing the amount of osmolytes, non-enzymatic antioxidants and chlorophyll cencentration.
Isfahan University of Technology - Journal of Crop Production and Processing
2251-8517
5
17
2015
12
1
Comparison of Antioxidative Activities and Fruit Quality Attributes of Four Cultivars of Greenhouse Bell Pepper
149
158
FA
L.
Aslani
Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan, Iran.
M.
Mobli
Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan, Iran.
J.
Keramat
Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan, Iran.
To study the antioxidative activities and fruit quality of four bell pepper cultivars, a greenhouse experiment was conducted using a completely randomized design with 4 replications. The four bell pepper cultivars consisted of green ‘Traviata’, red ‘Inspratian’, orange ‘Aracia’ and yellow ‘Taranto’ and were grown in a greenhouse with soil media. Fruits were harvested near the full color stage, and the quality factors including total soluble solids, organic acids, vitamin C and fruit extract yield and antioxidant factors consisting of total phenolic compound, DPPH free radicals scavenging and OH scavenging were measured. The results showed that bell pepper cultivars were different in antioxidative activities and quality factors. Fruit of orange ‘Aracia’ cultivar contained the most total soluble solids content and green ‘Traviata’ and yellow ‘Taranto’ cultivars had the highest amount of organic acids. The highest amount of extract yield was observed in yellow ‘Taranto’ cultivar. Fruit of red ‘Inspratian’ cultivar had the greatest vitamin C content and the antioxidative activities consisting of total phenolic compound, DPPH free radicals scavenging and OH scavenging, while the lowest amounts of the latter attributes were found in the green ‘Traviata’ cultivar. Findings of this research could be useful in understanding the capability of different bell pepper cultivars in human health.
Isfahan University of Technology - Journal of Crop Production and Processing
2251-8517
5
17
2015
12
1
Study of Salinity Tolerance in an Advanced Back Cross Rice Population Based on Some Inorganic Ions at Seedling Stage
159
170
FA
S.
Mohammadi Chamnari1
Shahrekord University,
S.
Houshmand
Shahrekord University,
M.
Hosseini
Rice Research Institute of Iran, Rasht, Iran.
The objective of the present research was to investigate the effect of salinity stress on sodium, potassium and calcium concentrations, and Na+/K+ and Na+/Ca2+ ratios at seedling stage in an advanced back cross (BC2F6) rice population. The population was derived from crossing between Hashemi, an Iranian cultivar, and IR67418-110-32222 (IR-22) from IRRI. The ANOVA indicated that the effects of genotypes, salinity stress and interaction between stress and genotype were significant for all the traits, which is suggestive of high level of genetic variation, salinity effect on traits and different response of the genotypes to salinity levels. The salinity stress markedly decreased the K+ concentration in the shoot. However the shoot Na+ and Ca2+ concentration and Na+/K+ and Na+/Ca2+ ratios were significantly increased in saline environment. The population characteristics mean value were found to be between of parents values and it often shifted to recurrent parent (Hashemi) value in both stress and non stress conditions. It shows that Hashemi variety gene’s leave more influences on the expression of the traits in the population. Transgressive segregation was observed for all the studied traits in the population lines. Genetic and phenotypic correlations among the studied traits showed the same trend. The highest correlation coefficients were related to Na+ concentration and Na+/K+ (rg= 0.89**) in non stress condition. The high heritability levels of the traits provide selection possibility for salinity tolerance in the population based on these traits. According to the present findings, it is possible to candidate some lines (such as line number 139) as salt tolerant at the seedling stage.
Isfahan University of Technology - Journal of Crop Production and Processing
2251-8517
5
17
2015
12
1
Evaluation of Impact of Water Deficit on Morphological Characters and Yield of Alfalfa (Medicago sativa) Cultivars in Khuzestan Conditions - Ahwaz
171
180
FA
K.
Behnamfar
Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Agricultral Faculty, Ramin University and Researcher Staff of Khuzestan Research Center of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Khuzestan, Iran.
S. A.
Siadat
Agricultral Faculty, Ramin University, Khuzestan, Iran.
A. M.
Bakhshandeh
Agricultral Faculty, Ramin University, Khuzestan, Iran.
KH.
Alami-Saied
Agricultral Faculty, Ramin University, Khuzestan, Iran.
S. M.
Kashefipour
Shahid Chamran University of Ahwaz, Iran.
A. A.
Jafari
Institute of Forests and Rangelands, Tehran, Iran.
In order to investigate the effect of water deficit on yield and morphological characteristics of four alfalfa cultivars an experiment was conducted as a split plot in randomized complete block design with 3 replications in Agriculture Research Center of Khuzestan, Ahwaz, Iran, during 201l-2012. Main plots included irrigation regimes (normal irrigation, irrigation at 50% available water content (AWC) depletion, 65% AWC depletion and 80% AWC depletion) and subplots were 4 cultivars of alfalfa (Baghdadi, Mesasirsa, Yazdi and Hamedani). The result of 5 cuttings showed that maximum hay forage yield was achieved under normal irrigation in all cultivars. The Baghdadi cultivar produced the highest hay yield at all irrigation treatments, though the hay yield decreased with delay in irrigation. The leaf/stem ratio increased by 22 percent when the cultivars where subjected to 50% AWC depletion. Stem height, LAI and the weight of single stem were decreased by delay in irrigation. Specific leaf area (SLA) decreased in all cultivars due to water deficit, though the extent of the decrease was greater for Baghdadi cultivar. The water deficit affected stem number in a cultivar-specific manner as it increased in Baghdadi and Mesasirsa cultivars and decreased in other cultivars. The Baghdadi and Mesasirsa appeared to be the most tolerant cultivars in Khuzestan conditions.
Isfahan University of Technology - Journal of Crop Production and Processing
2251-8517
5
17
2015
12
1
Energy Efficiency and Productivity in Potato and Sugar Beet Production Systems in Isfahan Province
181
191
FA
M.
Zahedi
Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan, Iran.
H. R.
Eshghizadeh
Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan, Iran.
F.
Mondani
Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran.
A study was conducted in 2009/2010 cropping season in order to determine energy input/out put and productivity of potato and sugar beet production systems in Isfahan province, Central Iran. The data used in this study was based on data collected from growers by using a face to face survey. Total energy consumption and total out put enegy in potato production systems were calculated to be about 84633 (56.4% direct energy, 43.7% indirect energy, 33.9% renewable and 66.1% non renewable energy) and 119917 MJ ha-1, respectively. These values in sugar beet production systems were 61862 (66.4% direct energy, 33.6% indirect energy, 23.2% renewable and 76.8% non renewable energy) and 563645 MJ ha-1, respectively. The majority of energy in potato production systems was consumed as disel fules (33.7%), irrigation water (14.3%), nitrogen fertilizer (14.1), and seed (13.2%) and in sugar beet production systems were consumed as disel fules (40.5%), irrigation water (16.4%) and nitrogen fertilizer (15.9). The energy use efficiency (output/input ratio) in potato and sugar beet production systems were 1.42 and 9.11, respectively. Gross and net income were estimated to be about 5486 and 4270 in potato and 2126 and 958 $ ha-1 in sugar beet farms, respectively. Benefit to cost ratio and productivity in potato were 2.2 and 7.2 kg $-1 and in sugar beet fields were 1.33 and 11.6 kg $-1, respectively. Even though a higher economic profitability was obtained in potato than in sugar beet production system, however, aconsiderably higher energy use efficiency was achieved in sugar beet production system.
Isfahan University of Technology - Journal of Crop Production and Processing
2251-8517
5
17
2015
12
1
Effect of Sugarcane Filter Muds, Chemical and Biological Fertilizers on Absorption of Some Macro- and Micro-Elementsand Heavy Metals by Canola (Brassica napus L.)
193
202
FA
H.
Monjezi
Ramin Agriculture and Natural ResourcesUniversity, Khouzestan, Iran.
M.
R Moradi-Telavat
Ramin Agriculture and Natural ResourcesUniversity, Khouzestan, Iran.
S. A.
Siadat
Ramin Agriculture and Natural ResourcesUniversity, Khouzestan, Iran.
A.
Koochakzadeh
Ramin Agriculture and Natural ResourcesUniversity, Khouzestan, Iran.
H.
Hamdi
Center for Research and Development of Sugar Cane, Khouzestan, Iran.
In order to evaluate the effect of sugarcane (Sacharum officinarum L.) filter muds and chemical and biological fertilizers application on macro- and micronutrient elements and some heavy metals (Pb and Cd) absorption by canola (Brassica napus L.) grains, a factorial experiment was conducted in 2012 in the Experimental Farm of Ramin (Mollasani) Agriculture and Natural Resources University of Khouzestan, Iran. A complete blocks design was used for the experiment with three replications. Different integrated treatments of filter muds and chemical fertilizers (A1: 100% filter muds, A2: 75% filter muds + 25% chemical fertilizers, A3: 50% filter muds + 50% chemical fertilizers, A4: 25% filter muds + 75% chemical fertilizers and A5: 100% chemical fertilizers) along with two levels of biological fertilizers application (with and without biological fertilizers) were investigated. The biological fertilizers investigated in this study were Nitroxin and Barvar2. Application of filter muds led to decreases in nitrogen, phosphorus and Cd of canola seeds. On the other hand, increase of filter muds application led to increase of Zn, Cu, Fe and Pb content in canola seeds. Biological and chemical fertilizers application resulted in increases of nitrogen, phosphorus and cadmium contents in canola seeds. Biofertilizers also increased phosphorus and cadmium contents in canola seeds.
Isfahan University of Technology - Journal of Crop Production and Processing
2251-8517
5
17
2015
12
1
Responses of Six Wheat Cultivars to Terminal Water Deficit
203
215
FA
M.
Behrozi
Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran.
Y.
Emam
Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran.
K.
Maghsoudi
Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran.
In order to evaluate the morpho-physiological and biochemical responses of six wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivars to late season water deficit stress, this experiment was carried out in controlled conditions at College of Agriculture of Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran during 2013-14. The experimental treatments were water deficit (50 and 100% F.C.) and wheat cultivars (Sirvan, Chamran, Shiraz, Marvdasht, Hamoun, Pishtaz). The results showed that water deficit significantly reduced flag leaf area (7.23%), number of grains per spike (17.37%), 1000 grain weight (20.88%), grain yield (17.73%), biological yield (15%), and harvest index (10.75%) and increased the chlorophyll content (14.48%) in all wheat cultivars. Significant differences were found in physiological responses among wheat cultivars. Under water deficit stress, Sirvan and Chamran cultivars had significantly higher growth and yield compared to other wheat cultivars. Water stress increased the activity of catalase, peroxidase and superoxide dismutase and this increase was significantly higher in Sirvan and Chamran cultivars. It could be concluded that in Sirvan and Chamran cultivars the increased antioxidants activities led to the partial amelioration of the adverse effects of water deficit, resulting in greater grain yield and yield components, compared to the remaining genotypes.
Isfahan University of Technology - Journal of Crop Production and Processing
2251-8517
5
17
2015
12
1
Yield, Yield Components, Correlation Coefficients and Path Analysis of Cotton Cultivars under Drought Stress
217
228
FA
H. R.
Mehrabadi
Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran.
A.
Nezami
Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran.
M.
Kafi
Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran.
M. R.
Ramezani moghadam
Agricultural and Natural Resources Research Center of Razavi Khorasan, Iran.
Determining environment – associated alterations in grain yield is important in yield assessment under drought stress. Therefore this study was carried out to determine the correlation coefficients and direct and indirect effects of effective components on yield in four drought - tolerant and susceptible cotton cultivars. Cotton cultivars were considered as sub plots and 3 levels of irrigation regime [33% (I33%), 66% (I66%) and 100% (I100% of water requirement)], designated as main plots in a split plot based on complete block design with three replications at Agricultural Research Station of Kashmar, Razavi Khorasan of Iran in 2011. The results showed that all yield components, except boll weight, were negatively and significantly affected by drought stress. The results also showed that retention of greater boll numbers per plant was the main component of cultivars difference in terms of cotton seed yield. High and significant correlations were observed between yield and boll number per plant, biological yield and harvest index under drought stress. While there was only significant correlations between seed yield with plant height and biological yield under non-stress condition. Path analysis showed that the most important component of cotton seed yield is biological yield under both drought stress and non-stress conditions and other components such as: boll number and weight, earliness percent and harvest index caused an increase in cotton seed yield by indirect effect on this component.
Isfahan University of Technology - Journal of Crop Production and Processing
2251-8517
5
17
2015
12
1
Cold Tolerance and Antioxidant Response of Poa Pratensis and Paspalum vaginatum
229
238
FA
SH.
Bizhani
Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran.
H.
Salehi
Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran.
A.
Jowkar
Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran.
B.
Daneshmand
Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran.
A limiting factor for prodution of turf grasses in temperate regions is their low level of cold tolerance. In order to elucidate the cold tolerance, physiological and biochemical responses of two turf species, this study was conducted at a controlled environment greenhouse of Faculty of Agriculture in Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran by a factorial experiment in completely randomized design with three replicates. Factors consisted of two turf species including Kentucky bluegrass (Poa pratensis) and seashore paspalum (Paspalum vaginatum) and four temperatures: 25, 15, 5 and -5 °C. Data analysis revealed that decreased temperature resulted in significant increases in proline, soluble sugars contents and activity of peroxidase, ascorbate peroxidase, catalase and superoxide dismutase enzymes, although seashore paspalum indicated a significant drop in antioxidant enzymes activity at cold stress of -5 °C. Furthermore, decreased temperature brought about a significant decline in visual quality, chlorophyll, starch and relative water content. Seashore paspalum exhibited a greater deterioration in visual quality, chlorophyll and relative water content at -5 °C compared to Kentucky bluegrass. The results showed that Kentucky bluegrass withstood cold stress with a better and more efficient defensive mechanism in comparison with seashore paspalum, thus it is considered more tolerant to cold stress and could, potentially, be used in temperate regions.
Isfahan University of Technology - Journal of Crop Production and Processing
2251-8517
5
17
2015
12
1
Identification and S-genotyping of Novel S-alleles in Wild Species of Pyrus Genus
239
252
FA
A.
Nikzad Gharehaghaji
Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran.
K.
Arzani
Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran.
H.
Abdollahi
Seed and Plant Improvement Institute, Karaj, Iran
A.
Shojaeiyan
Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran.
L.
Dondini
Università degli Studi di Bologna, Bologna, Italy.
P.
De Franceschi
Università degli Studi di Bologna, Bologna, Italy.
The Pyrus species exhibit the gametophytic self -incompatibility which is considered to be the most widespread self-incompatibility system among flowering plants. This system prevents self-fertilization through a specific pollen-pistil recognition mechanism. The S-allele diversity in the Iranian genotypes indicates that the pear germplasm of Iran can be an excellent source of variability for breeding programs. In this study, the S-RNases of 64 pear cultivars and wild genotypes of Pyrus species of Iran and Europe including Pyrus communis, Pyrus salicifolia, Pyrus syriaca and Pyrus ussuriensis were amplified using consensus and allele-specific primers by PCR-based method. This method was used for the detection of product size characteristics of the 23 S-RNases (S101-S125) and revealed the existence of one new allele named S127 and the footprint of S8 of P. pyrifolia syn. P. serotina in Iranian genotypes. Interestingly, in 6 specimens allele PcS127 is coupled with PpS8, suggesting that these plants might come from subgroups or populations where the contribution of P. Pyrifolia syn. P. serotina is more consistent. The pool of S-RNases found in the Iranian germplasm had a different composition from the European cultivars, and showed traces of significant genetic contribution from other species. Also, application of this approach in 21 European cultivars allowed re-evaluation of alleles of Veerdi (S101/S104) and Conseiller a la Coeur (S103/S123/S105).
Isfahan University of Technology - Journal of Crop Production and Processing
2251-8517
5
17
2015
12
1
The Effect of Different Concentrations of IBA, Type of Plant Rootstock and Timeing of Cuttings on Propagation of Ficus benjamina CV. Variegata by Cutting - Graft
253
261
FA
H.
Babaei
Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran.
H.
Zarei
Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran.
KH.
Hemmati
Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran.
To evaluate the effect of different concentrations of IBA, timing of cuttings and type of plant rootstock in cutting-graft propagation (Omega graft) of Ficus benjamin cv. variegate, an experiment was performed as a factorial in a completely randomized design with three replications in Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources in 2012. Each replication consisted of ten samples. Treatments were consisted of IBA concentration in four levels, 0 (control), 2000, 4000 and 6000 mg/l, two types of rootstock (Ficus benjamina cv. exotica and Ficus amstel) and two timing of cuttings (late June and early September). Percentage of graft success, rooting percentage, average root length, root number, root dry weight and survival percentage were evaluated. The results of this experiment showed that the highest percentage of rooting and number of roots obtained in hormone concentrations of 4000 and 6000 mg/l. The maximum of mean root length and root dry weight were obtained at hormone concentration of 4000 mg/l. The greatest percentages of graft success and survival were obtained in all the treatments that the auxin was applied. Most suitable of rootstock in terms of all traits studied, was Ficus benjamina cv.exotica. Best time of rooting, root characteristics and survival percentage were achieved with the cuttings in September. The highest percentage of graft success was achieved in July. The results indicate the beneficial effects of suitable concentration of auxin, timing of cuttings and type of plant rootstock in propagation of Ficus benjamina cv. variegata by bench grafting.
Isfahan University of Technology - Journal of Crop Production and Processing
2251-8517
5
17
2015
12
1
Effect of Chitosan Coating on Increasing Postharvest Life and Maintaining Apple fruit Quality Cv “Soltani”
263
272
FA
B.
Rostamzadeh
Isfahan University of
A. A.
Ramin
Isfahan University of
F.
Amini
Arak University, Arak, Iran
M.
Pirmoradian
Agriculture and Natural Resources Research Center, Isfahan, Iran.
The advantage of coating agents is reducing transpiration and respiration, leading to maintaining the quality and extending the shelf life of the fruits. Chitosan, the most important coating agent, is used during the post-harvest process. In this research the effect of chitosan with different concentrations (0, 0.5, 1 and 2%) on the shelf-life of apple cv “Soltani” was studied. The study was conducted as a split plot in time within a complete randomized design in 3 replications and 4 tratments. After storage at 1°C and 90% RH, fruits were evaluated every 30 days in terms of some traits such as firmness, weight loss, soluble solids and titratable acid and vitamin C, total phenol, antioxidant capacity and pH. Results showed that the fruits treated with chitosan had significantly higher firmness, titratable acid (TA), soluble solids (TSS), vitamin C, total phenol, antioxidant capacity and lower weight loss and pH, compared to the control. There was no significant difference between 1 and 2% chitosan coating concentrations for most of the examined traits, though evidence indicated that the 2% chitosan may act better than the 1% for shelf life extension and quality maintaining.
Isfahan University of Technology - Journal of Crop Production and Processing
2251-8517
5
17
2015
12
1
Effect of Putrescine and 1-MCP on Quality Attributes and Storage Life of Strawberry Fruits (Fragaria ananassa Cv. Selva)
273
284
FA
M.
Jafarpoor
Islamic Azad Khorasghan University, Isfahan, Iran.
D.
Amini
Islamic Azad Khorasghan University, Isfahan, Iran.
F.
Mortezaeinejad
Islamic Azad Khorasghan University,ر Isfahan, Iran.
A. R.
Gholparvar
Islamic Azad Khorasghan University,ر Isfahan, Iran.
D.
Khoshbakht
Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan, Iran.
Ethylene is an important contributor to the acceleration of fruit ripening and postharvest losses of fruit. Thus, anti ethylene substances could increase storage life of fruits. Thus the effects of 0 (control), 0.5, 0.75 and 1 µL L-1 of 1-MCP and putrescine with 0 (control), 0.5, 1 and 1.5 mM on the storage life (1°C) during 21 day in strawberry fruit Cv. Selva were studied and appearance and the physicochemical characteristics of fruits were measured. A factorial experiment through complete randomized design (CRD) was used. The highest marketability, firmness, citric acid (TA), total soluble solids (TSS), vitamin C and the lowest amount of appearance decay, pH and the ratio of TSS/TA were observed in the treatment of 0.75 and 1 µL L-1 of 1-MCP and 1 and 1.5 mM of putrescine. The results obtained from the experiment showed a positive effect of 1-MCP and putrescine on the storage life of strawberry. The results further showed that the use of 1-MCP and putrescine can act as an effective strategy in postharvest technology of strawberry fruit.
Isfahan University of Technology - Journal of Crop Production and Processing
2251-8517
5
17
2015
12
1
Effects of Planting Pattern and Density on Yield of Soybean Genotypes under North Khuzestan Conditions
285
294
FA
S. A.
Kalantar Ahmadi
Safiabad Agricultural Research Center of Dezful, Iran.
J.
Daneshian
Seed and Plant Improvement Institute, Iran.
H.
Tavakoli Hasanaklou
University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Iran.
N.
Tavakoli Hasanaklou
University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Iran.
In order to study the effects of planting pattern and plant density on yield of soybean genotypes, an experiment was carried out in Safiabad Agricultural Research Center, Dezful, Iran in 2011. The experimental design was a factorial strip plot based on completely randomized block design with 3 replications. Planting pattern consisted of 3 levels (60 cm with 1 planted row, 75 cm and 90 cm with 2 planted rows) as vertical factor, a factorial of plant density (30, 40 and 50 plant/m2) and genotypes (504, L14 and DPX) was considered as horizontal factors. The means of planting pattern × density showed that the highest number of pods/plant (52.85) belonged to 60 cm with single row of plants and 40 plant m-2. The lowest (28.35) number of pods/plant was observed in 90 cm with double rows planted and 50 plant m-2. The genotypes responded to planting density differently. The highest (4936.11 kg/ha) grain yield belonged to DPX genotype with 50 plants m-2. The lowest (4936.11 kg/ha) grain yield was achieved at L14 genotype with 30 plant m-2. The results of this expriment suggested that planting pattern of 60 cm with single row of plants, 50 plant m-2, DPX and 504 genotypes were probably suitable for this area.
Isfahan University of Technology - Journal of Crop Production and Processing
2251-8517
5
17
2015
12
1
Effect of Foliar Application of Calcium and Potassium on Growth, Fruit Yield and Some Properties of Two Muskmelon Cultivars (Cucumis melo L.)
295
310
FA
M.
Khoravi mashizi
Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran.
M.
Sarcheshmehpour
Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran.
Calcium and potassium are essential nutrients that play a significant role in increasing yield, quality and postharvest properties of many fruits and vegetables. The role of these nutrients in improving quality and quantity of fleshy fruits is important and their interaction on plants such as cantaloupe is less understood. In this research the effects of calcium (0 and 3 g/L) and potassium (0, 1 and 2 g/L) and their interactions on some growth parameters, yield and fruit quality of two hybrid cultivars of cantaloupe (Anans and Shahpasand) was studied in a factorial split plot experiment based on a randomized completed block design with three replications. Calcium increased fresh and dry weight of plants, number of leaf, relative water content, thickness and firmness of fruit flesh, fruit diameter and mean fruit weight in both cultivars and the number of fruits per plant in Shahpasand cultivar. Potassium increased the relative water content, leaf number, thickness and firmness of fruit flesh, fruit diameter and length, mean fruit weight in both cultivars and number of fruits per plant in Shahpasand cultivar. The interaction between calcium and potassium was significant for the number of leaves, relative water content, thickness and fruit firmness, total fruit yield and fruit carotenoid levels. Combination treatment of calcium and potassium increased the fruit yield of Ananas and Shahpasand cultivars by 80 and 147 and the amount of carotenoids by 47 and 81 percent as compared with control, respectively.
Isfahan University of Technology - Journal of Crop Production and Processing
2251-8517
5
17
2015
12
1
An Assessment of the Effect of Nitrogen Application and Planting Methods on Yield and Yield Components ofLinseed and Berseem Clover Intercropping System
311
321
FA
A.
Heidariasl
Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan, Iran.
H.
Karimmojeni
Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan, Iran.
J.
Razmjoo
Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan, Iran.
M.
Zahedi
Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan, Iran.
In order to assess the effect of nitrogen application and planting methods on linseed and berseem clover yield and yield components in an intercropping system an experiment was conducted as a split plot based on randomized complete block design with three replications at the Research Farm of College of Agriculture, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan, Iran in 2013. Experimental factors included three levels of nitrogen (zero, 30 and 60 kg ha-1) as main plots and linseed and berseem clover planting methods in 4 levels (pure culture of linseed, berseem clover monoculture, mixed cropping) (50%:50%), intercropping row) 50%:50%)) as sub-plots. Results showed that different levels of nitrogen had no effect on the main stem, seed weight and harvest index of both plants, but the number of lateral branches, number of capsules per plant (linseed), inflorescences number per plant (berseem clover), number of seeds per capsules (linseed), biological yield and grain yield were affected by nitrogen fertilizer. Among the methods of planting, pure cultures of linseed and berseem clover with 1604 and 830 kg ha-1 had the highest yield, respectively. Significant difference between treatments was found in the land equivalent ratio, but the highest land equivalent ratio, was archived at 30 kg nitrogen fertilizer application (1.35) and row intercropping treatment (1.32), respectively. According to the results of this research, the use of berseem clover as a nitrogen-fixing plant, intercropped with linseed under 30 kg of nitrogen application per hectare could, probably, be useful for achieving an appropriate grain yield.
Isfahan University of Technology - Journal of Crop Production and Processing
2251-8517
5
17
2015
12
1
Micropropagation of Lisianthus (Eustoma grandiflorum cv. White) at In Vitro Conditions
323
333
FA
F.
Zamiraee
Islamic Azad University, Rasht, Iran.
S.
Bohlooli Zanjani
Agricultural Biotechnology Research Institute of Iran (North Region) Rasht, Iran.
A. R.
Tarang
Agricultural Biotechnology Research Institute of Iran (North Region) Rasht, Iran.
B.
Kaviani
Islamic Azad University, Rasht, Iran.
Lisianthus (Eustoma grandiflorum cv. White) is an ornamental plant which has suitable marketing due to a variety of flower colours. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of plant growth regulators on propagation and rooting of this plant. Axillary bud (node) was used as explants and MS medium supplemented with 0, 0.1, 0.2 and 2 mg/L of NAA and BA was applied. The results showed that the greatest shoot length (2.07 cm/plant) was obtained on a medium supplemented with 0.1 mg/L BA (without NAA). Maximum shoot number (5.80/plant) was produced in a medium containing 0.1 mg/L BA along with 0.2 mg/L NAA. Bud explants in culture media containing 0.2 mg/L NAA (without BA) and 0.1 mg/L NAA along with 2 mg/L BA produced the maximum node number (3.20/plant). The largest number of root (14.53/plant) and root length (3.87 cm/plant) were produced in media containing 0.2 mg/L NAA (without BA), also 0.2 mg/L BA plus 0.2 mg/L NAA and 0.2 mg/L BA without NAA, respectively. Explants produced flower on medium containing 0.1 mg/L BA along with 0.1 mg/L NAA at callus formation stage. Also, flower was produced from callus in medium containing 0.1 mg/L BA along with 2 mg/L NAA. Nearly 48% of the plantlets were able to survive on a medium containing a 1:1 ratio of peat and perlite.
Isfahan University of Technology - Journal of Crop Production and Processing
2251-8517
5
17
2015
12
1
Evaluation of Genetic Diversity in Some Grape Cultivars Using Fruit Qualitative and Quantitative Characteristics
335
348
FA
R.
Moosazadeh
Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran.
M.
Shoor
Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran.
A.
Tehranifar
Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran.
G.H.
Davarinejad
Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran.
A.
Mokhtaryan
the Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources Research Center of Khorasan Razavi,
The genetic variation is fundamental to most genetics programs, and selections rely on the existence of favorite genetic diversity of studied traits. This research was carried out in order to identify genetic variation of 14 grape cultivars using 28 fruit qualitative and quantitative traits. Results showed noticeable variation among cultivars at all studied traits which explain significant difference and diversity among cultivars and also measured traits. Correlation coefficient showed significant positive or negative relationship between some important traits. Cluster analysis for all measured traits was conducted based on Ward method. The cultivars were classified into four groups. Native cultivars - Mashhad and Dargaz - were classified in two separate groups. Berry shape, fruit skin color, flesh anthocyanin color, time of beginning of berry ripening, bunch size and bunch density were important and key traits in clusters breakdown. The key traits had high variation and in terms of stability were able to distinguish between cultivars. Results from this study showed high variation in studied grape cultivars and therfore selection could be undertaken based on considered traits.
Isfahan University of Technology - Journal of Crop Production and Processing
2251-8517
5
17
2015
12
1
Sterilization of African Violet in the in Vitro Culture Using Synthesized Silver Nanoparticles by Two Plant Extracts
349
358
FA
M.
Solgi
Arak University,Arak, Iran.
M.
Taghizadeh
Arak University,Arak, Iran.
One of the major advantages of in vitro culture of African violet (Saintpaulha ionantha) is production of new cultivars and propagation of their chimera which might not be propagated by the other methods. In this study, we tested the effects of silver nanoparticles on the sterilization rate (antifungal and antibacterial activity), regeneration and shoot formation of African violet "Pink Amiss" explants. These nanoparticles were synthesized from pomegranate peels and Damask rose petals extracts. We used a completely randomized design test with factorial arrangement to investigate various volumetric ratios of plant extracts to silver nitrate (1:20, 1:10, 1:5 and 1:1) on the culture contaminations. Using silver nanoparticles synthesized by the plant extracts, especially Damask rose petals extract resulted in no fungal and bacterial contamination in the African violet explants after 1 and 3 weeks as compared to the control, and silver nitrate (1mM). All tested concentrations of the silver nanoparticles significantly (P ;le 0.05) controlled both bacterial and fungal contaminations. The 1:20 ratio of plant extracts to silver nitrate showed the best control. In addition, the highest regeneration (%52) and shoot regeneration (%38) was observed in this treatment. In conclusion, we suggest using silver nanoparticles synthesized by plant extracts for sterilization of in Vitro Culture for African Violet rather than using other chemicals such as silver nitrate.
Isfahan University of Technology - Journal of Crop Production and Processing
2251-8517
5
17
2015
12
1
Evaluation of Some Early Varieties of Cotton in the Golpaygan Region
359
368
FA
M.
Jafaraghaei
respectively in the Agriculture and Natural Resources Research and
A. H.
Jalali
respectively in the Agriculture and Natural Resources Research and
A study was conducted to determine the possibility of growth of early varieties of cotton at Golpayegan Research Station by using a randomized complete block design with three replications. In this study, yield and yield components of 15 early genotypes of cotton were evaluated in comparison to “Varamin” cultivar during 2005-2006. The results indicated that in the first harvest, “Akala SJ 349”, “Akala SJ × cylinder” and “Shyrpan 539” genotypes, with a yield of 792, 827 and 858 kg ha-1of cotton wool respectively, had the highest yields. Earliness index of the three latter genotypes was higher than other genotypes. The total wool yield range was varied from 1101 kg ha-1 in the “Bulgarian 539” to 1359 kg ha-1 in “Mehr” cultivar, but there was no significant difference between the varieties. Length of sympodial branch in the three genotypes of Akala SJ 349, Akala SJ × cylinder and Shyrpan 539 were 32, 30 and 42 cm, respectively. Although in both harvests, a significant difference was not observed between genotypes in terms of length of the fibers, but the fiber length was significantly smaller in the second harvest. According to the results, more studies are needed at least with the genotypes used in this study, if cotton production is going to be recommended for the colder areas of the Isfahan province (e.g. City Golpayegan) in Central Iran.