Showing 5 results for Grapevine
A. Mahdavi Bileh Savar, V. Sarvi Moghanloo, F. Mahdavi Bileh Savar,
Volume 4, Issue 13 (1-2015)
Abstract
Relationship of is one of the most useful interactions in terrestrial ecosystems that its positive effects on growth, physiology and ecology of different plants has been documented. This study investigated the relationship between important physicochemical characteristics of soils such as pH, electrical conductivity (EC), soil texture, organic carbon percentage, soil potassium percentage and the amount of accessible phosphorus with population of mycorrhizal fungi. After dividing the study region into four areas, 43 samples of soil were collected. The results of statistical analysis on physico-chemical characteristics of soil and their relation with population density of spores of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi showed that there was a negative correlation between electrical conductivity (EC), pH, clay percent, and percent of soil available phosphorus, potassium percent, and percentage of organic carbon with the mean number of fungi. There were positive correlations between silt and sand percentages and mean number of spores present in the soil.
Based on the coefficien of determination and based on study conditions, the best model for the rhizosphere was found tobe the one in wich available phosphorus percent of soil was the independent variable, and mean population of fungi as the dependant variable. The correlation between available phosphorus percent in soil samples with average fungi population density negative (P<0/05), but there was not a meaningful correlation between other traits and population density of fungi
J. Amir, S. Eshghi, E. L. Tafazoli, N. Abbaspour,
Volume 5, Issue 17 (12-2015)
Abstract
کاهش اثرات منفی تنش شوری با استفاده از برخی مواد تنظیم کننده رشد گیاهی در گیاهان مختلف گزارش شده است. پژوهش حاضر به‌منظور بررسی اثرات اسید سالیسیلیک بر ویژگیهای رشدی، میزان رنگدانههای فتوسنتزی و بازده فتوسنتز دو رقم انگور قرهشانی و تامپسونسیدلس در شرایط تنش ناشی از مقادیر مختلف کلرید سدیم انجام شد. قلمههای ریشهدار شده هر دو رقم با 5 سطح شوری (شوری در محلول غذایی) صفر (شاهد)، 25، 50، 75 و 100 میلیمولار کلرید سدیم و 4 سطح اسید سالیسیلیک (محلولپاشی برگسارهای) صفر (شاهد)، 100، 200 و 300 میلیگرم در لیتر تیمار شدند. نتایج نشان داد که بالاترین غلظت شوری (100 میلیمولار) همه پارامترهای رشدی و سرعت فتوسنتز خالص را کاهش داد. رقم قرهشانی در مقایسه با رقم تامپسونسیدلس، از میزان کلروفیل کل بالاتری برخوردار بود. میزان فتوسنتز خالص و هدایت روزنهای در پاسخ به شوری در هر دو رقم کاهش یافت و در رقم تامپسونسیدلس میزان کاهش بیشتر از رقم قرهشانی بود. میزان فتوسنتز خالص در بیشترین سطح شوری، بدون کاربرد اسید سالیسیلیک در مقایسه با تیمار شاهد در ارقام قرهشانی و تامپسون سیدلس به‌ترتیب در حدود 2 و 4 برابر کاهش یافت، اما با کاربرد 300 میلیگرم در لیتر اسید سالیسیلیک در سطح شوری 100 میلیمولار، میزان فتوسنتز خالص در مقایسه با تیمار شاهد در ارقام قرهشانی و تامپسون سیدلس به‌ترتیب حدود 2 و 5/2 برابر کاهش یافت. یافتههای این پژوهش، پیشنهاد می‌نماید که تأثیر اسید سالیسیلیک (غلظت 200 میلیگرم در لیتر) در شرایط شوری بر رشد و فتوسنتز هر دو رقم به‌ویژه قرهشانی، مثبت بوده واین ترکیب میتواند به‌عنوان یک تنظیم کننده رشد، باعث افزایش مقاومت گیاه به شوری گردد.
R. Karimi, M. Koulivand, M. Rasouli,
Volume 8, Issue 2 (8-2018)
Abstract
Fertilization is one of the most important management principles in modern viticulture, which plays a major role in improving of the vine- grower's economy with a direct impact on productivity and the final quality of both fruits and raisins. Foliar application is one of the fast and effective methods for meeting plants nutrition requirement, especially in the critical stages of growth. In this study the effect of iron chelate (Fe-EDDHA) and urea, each in three levels of 0, 0.5 and 1% was evaluated in ‘Sultana’ grapevine in a 10-years old vineyard under a factorial desing based on randomized complete block in Bahareh village of Malayer city, west of Iran, in 2016. Trees were sprayed during three stages, including of one week befor flowering and two and five weeks after corolla abscision. The fruit harvesting was done in mid-September based on maturity index for measurement of certain qualitative and quantitative characters of fruits. The highest fruit set percentage and yield was achieved in 1% urea in combination with 1% Fe and the lowest of these indices were observed in control plants. Moreover, urea and iron chelate, and their interaction, significantly (P ≤ 0.01) influenced total soluble solid (TSS), titratable acidity, total phenol, anthocyanin and ascorbic acid in ‘Sultana’ grapevine fruits. The maximum TSS of berry was obtained with 1% Fe solely or in combination with urea at 0.5% and 1% concentrations, indicating the key role of Fe in TSS increasing of berry. Flavonoid and total phenol contents were higher in the presence of 0.5 and 1% of Fe, compared to other treatments. The highest anthocyanin content was achieved with application of 0.5% of Fe. The results showed that while application of urea and iron in 1% concentrations are necessary for a greater fruit yield, a higher quality of fruit is brought about with application of urea at a moderate concentration in combination with Fe at the highest examined level.
M. R. Zokaee Khosroshahi,
Volume 11, Issue 1 (4-2021)
Abstract
Abstract
The most important commercial use of gibberellin in horticulture is to improve the yield and marketability of table grapes. This experiment was conducted in order to evaluate the effect of different concentrations of gibberellic acid on yield components of five-year-old ʻAskariʼ seedless grapevines, based on a randomized complete block design. Gibberellic acid was sprayed on the foliage and clusters in two stages: First 10 mg/L of gibberellic acid was applied on all trees except the control, at the stage of cluster emergence (2-3 cm in length) and then, 0, 10, 20, 30, 40 and 50 mg/L concentrations were used when the berries were at 1-2 mm diameter. Exogenous gibberellic acid application led to the significant increase in the average weight, volume, length and diameter of the berries compared to the control. Mean weight of cluster as well as vine total yield were also improved significantly by gibberellic acid treatments. The pH of fruit extract was increased by gibberellic acid treatment. Exogenous gibberellic acid decreased the soluble solids content of berries, but total acid content of berries was increased by gibberellic acid treatments. Gibberellic acid application had no significant effect on berry shape index (length/diameter ratio), berry volumetric mass (weight/volume ratio) and cluster axis length. Based on the results of this study, foliar application of 10 mg/L gibberellic acid increases the yield of ʻAskariʼ cultivar and is potent to be used by the grape growers.
C. Ghobadi, M. Khosh-Khui, B.e. Sayed-Tabatabaei,
Volume 12, Issue 45 (10-2008)
Abstract
Grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.) is a clonally propagated major fruit crop. In grapevine, identification of genotypes with amplographical features is often based on mature plant characteristics that may be affected by environmental conditions. This approach lacks objectivity and reliability. Recently, molecular markers have proved to be supplementary techniques to analyze genetic diversity and examine genetic relationships existing between cultivars in a range of horticultural crops. In this study, twenty genotypes from grapevine (V.vinifera species) grown in Isfahan province were characterized by RAPD technique to understand the extent of diversity and relatedness. Fifty random primers were used for the RAPD study. Of those, twenty four informative primers which generated reproducible polymorphic bands were used for grouping the genotypes. PCR products of the genotypes’genome revealed a total of 315 bands, out of which 282 were found to be polymorphic. Average number of 13 bands was obtained per primer and the amplification produced ranged in size from 300 bp to 3000 bp. The dendrogram constructed using UPGMA cluster analysis differentiated the genotypes into two major clusters, nineteen in one group and Madar-o-Bache genotype has been placed in a separate one, indicating its high genetic diversity compared to the rest of the genotypes. Intra-clustering within cluster A grouped the genotypes in four sub-clusters as expected from their genetic background. The results of the study revealed that the RAPD technique is a relevant technique to determine genetic diversity, genomic analysis and to examine genetic relationship in grapevines.
